Alcohols

Question 1

Suffix for alcohols

Answer 1

-ol

Question 2

Prefix for alcohols

Answer 2

Hydroxy-

Question 3

Phenol

Answer 3

Hydroxy attached to a benzene ring

Question 4

Ortho

Answer 4

Next to the -OH on benzene ring

Question 5

Meta

Answer 5

One down from -OH on benzene ring

Question 6

Para

Answer 6

Directly across from -OH on benzene ring

Question 7

Why are phenols so acidic?

Answer 7

Possible resonance between the ring & the lp’s on the oxygen make the H extra acidic

Question 8

What causes alcohols to have high boiling & melting points?

Answer 8

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding

Question 9

What does hydrogen bonding cause?

Answer 9

Increased melting points, boiling points, and solubility in water

Question 10

What can cause an increase in boiling point?

Answer 10

Increased amount of -OH groups

Question 11

Hydrogen bonding atoms

Answer 11

NOF

Question 12

pKa of phenol

Answer 12

Around 10

Question 13

Electron-withdrawing group on phenols?

Answer 13

Increase acidity

Question 14

Electron-donating groups on phenols?

Answer 14

Decrease acidity

Question 15

More alkyl groups creates?

Answer 15

Less acidity (donate electrons) & stabilizes positive charge stability, but destabilizes negative charge stability

Question 16

What causes stability in carbocations?

Answer 16

More substitution

Question 17

What can primary alcohols be oxidized to ?

Answer 17

Aldehydes

Question 18

What can secondary alcohols be oxidized to?

Answer 18

Ketones

Question 19

What must primary alcohols be oxidized by to create aldehyde?

Answer 19

PCC

Question 20

Can tertiary alchohols be oxidized?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What will oxidize a primary alcohol to a carboxylic acid?

Answer 21

Chromium

Question 22

What is Jones oxidation

Answer 22

CrO3, H2SO4 and acetone

Question 23

What will Jones oxidation do to primary & secondary alcohols

Answer 23

Primary- carboxylic acids

Secondary- ketones

Question 24

Mesylate

Answer 24

Contains -SO3CH3 from methanesulfonic acid
Better leaving group than hydroxyl
Protecting group

Question 25

Tosylate

Answer 25

Contain -SO3C6H4CH3 Better leaving group than hydroxyl Protecting group

Question 26

Ketals & acetals are made from?

Answer 26

Diols

Question 27

How are ketals & acetals deprotected?

Answer 27

Aqueous acid

Question 28

Quinone

Answer 28

Treatment of phenols with oxidizing agents makes these (carbonyls on benzene ring) Resonance stabilized electrophiles Electron acceptors

Question 29

Phylloquinone is

Answer 29

Vitamin K used in photosynthesis & electron transport, carboxylation of some clotting factors in blood

Question 30

Hydroquinone

Answer 30

Benzene ring with 2 hydroxyl groups

Question 31

Hydroxyquinone

Answer 31

Contains 2 carbonyls and a variable number of hydroxyl groups on a benzene ring

Question 32

How do hydroxylquinones behave?

Answer 32

Like quinones with electron-donating groups making them less electronegative

Question 33

Ubiquinone/Coenzyme Q

Answer 33

Electron carrier associated with Complex I, II, and II of ETC Reduced to ubiquinol when it accepts electrons Within phospholipid bilayer