Carboxylic acid derivatives Flashcards
1
Q
What is a carboxylic acid derivative?
A
- A derivative of a carboxylic acid is a compound that can be hydrolysed to form the parent carboxylic acid
2
Q
What do all carboxylic acid derivatives have?
A
- they all have a common sequence of atoms in their structure called an acyl group
3
Q
What is an acyl group?
A
R - C= O
4
Q
What are all the carboxylic acid derivatives?
A
- ester
- acyl chlorides
- acid anhydrides
- amide
5
Q
How do u name an ester?
A
- remove the -oic acid suffix and replace it with -oate
- the alkyl chain attached to the oxygen of the COO group is then the first word in the name
- for example= methyl ethanoate
6
Q
How do u name an acyl chloride?
A
- an acyl chloride can be named by removing the -oic acid and replacing it with -oyl chloride
- for example = propanoic acid turns to propanoyl chloride
7
Q
How do you form an acid anhydride and how do u name one?
A
- an acid anhydride is formed by removing water from two carboxylic acids
- to name this you add anhydride to the carboxyl
- For example = ethanoic anhydride
8
Q
What are the three ways you can form an ester?
A
- From carboxylic acids
- From acyl chlorides
- From acid anhydrides
9
Q
How do you form an ester from a carboxylic acid?
A
- esterification
- this is the process where an alcohol and a carboxylic acid react to form an ester
- the alcohol is warmed with a carboxylic acid and a small amount of sulfuric acid which acts as a catalyst
10
Q
Draw the reaction of an alcohol and an carboxylic acid (propanoic acid and ethanol)
A
11
Q
How do you form an ester from an acyl chloride
A
- reacting an acyl chloride with alcohol
12
Q
Write the reaction of ethanoyl chloride and propan - 1 -ol
A
- notes
13
Q
How do you form an ester from an acid anhydride?
A
- reacting an acid anhydride with an alcohol
