carbonyls Flashcards
can aldehydes undergo oxidation reactions
yes
can ketones undergo oxidation reactions
no
what is an aldehyde oxidised into
carboxylic acid
what are the conditions and reagents for the oxidation of an aldehyde
K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4
what organic synthesis method is used for the oxidation of aldehydes
reflux
what do you observe when aldehydes are refluxed
orange to green colour change
why do carbonyls undergo nucleophilic reactions
C=O bond is polar
what type of reaction is needed to reduce carbonyls
nucleophilic addition
what are aldehydes reduced to
primary alcohols
what are ketones reduced to
secondary alcohols
what are the conditions and reagents for the reduction of carbonyls
NaBH4 and H2O
what reagent is needed to test for the C=O bond
2,4-DNP (brady’s reagents)
what is observed when C=O is present
orange precipitate
describe the steps for testing for C=O and identifying the carbonyl
add 2,4-DNP
purify precipitate by recrystallisation
measure melting point of purified derivative
compare to known data values
how can you distinguish between aldehydes and ketones
add tollens reagent
