Carbonyl Compounds Flashcards
Name the properties of a C double bond O
Polar due to different electronegativity
What mechanism does carbonyl compounds undergo?
Nucleophilic addition
What are the reaction conditions when reacting an aldehyde with HCN?
Reflux and H2SO4
Why is KCN or NACN used more in nucleophilic addition reactions?
They dissociate faster
Outline how 2,4 DNP identifies carbonyl compounds
Add to compound and heat. Filter and dry orange crystals and work out melting point and compare to known values
Outline how Tollens reagent is used to test for carbonyl compounds
Add to solution and if it goes silver rmirror colour then the compound is an aldehyde as jetties cannot be oxidised
What happens to boiling point woth increased chain length?
Increases more London forces
What happens to solubility if chain length increases?
Decreases
What will be observed when carboxylic acids react with metals?
Fizzing and bubbles
What will be observed if a carboxylic acid reacts with a base?
Nothing
What will be seen when a carboxylic acid reacts with a carbonate?
Gentle fizzing
What is the reagent and conditions for estherfication?
Alcohol and strong acid catalyst
Reflux
What are the reagent and conditions for chlorination of carboxylic acids?
Thionyl chloride
Dry
What are the conditions of the reactions with alcohol and acyl chlorides and carboxylic acids?
Reflux
What are the conditions of the reaction with ammonia and carboxylic acids?
Low temperature and excess ammonia
