Carbon cycle

Question 1

Reservoir

Answer 1

A sink or source of an element such as carbon. The chemicals are sometimes held for long periods of time in one place e.g., Coal deposits that are storing carbon for a long period of time.

Question 2

Exchange pools

Answer 2

When chemicals are held for only short periods of time e.g., plants and animals, which temporarily use carbon in their systems and release it back into the air or surrounding medium.

Question 3

Methylotrophs

Answer 3

bacteria that utilize C1 compounds.

Question 4

Assimilatory nitrate reduction

Answer 4

Reduction to ammonium then incorporated
into biomass. This process is called nitrate
immobilization or assimilatory nitrate reduction.

Question 5

Sulfur mineralization

Answer 5

Release of S from organic form under aerobic & anaerobic conditions.

Question 6

Sulfate reducing bacteria

Answer 6

Organisms that can utilize H2 as an electron
donor to drive reduction of sulfate.

Question 7

Leptothrix

Answer 7

Leptothrix is a sheath-forming filamentous,
chemoautotrophic bacterium that accumulates ferric iron.

Question 8

Assimilatory Iron reduction

Answer 8

Assimilatory iron reduction is the reduction of Fe3+ for uptake and incorporation into cell constituents.

Question 9

Gleization

Answer 9

Iron oxidations and reductions play a major role in the soil formation process known as gleization.

Question 10

Podzolization

Answer 10

Translocation of Fe is involved in the soil
podzolization process in which Fe- and organic-rich subsurface horizons of spodosols are formed.

Question 11

Siderophores

Answer 11

Many microorganism produce Fe3+ complexing, low molecular weight, organic compounds having strong affinity for iron through the process of chelation. These compounds are called ferrichromes or siderophores.