Carbon Cycle Flashcards
zooplankton
animal
phytoplankton
plants
process of biological carbon pump
animals eat the plants, carbon in the plants go to the animals - used for respiration and make calcium carbonate shells
process of biological pump after zooplankton dead
carbon released into the water by animals dying, decomposed plants then take it
Mangrove Soil
Sequester 1.5 metric tones of carbon a year
what does mangrove soil consists of
thick organic layers of little, humus and peat
what happens when mangrove soil is cleared
carbon released
what kind of soil is mangrove
soils are anaerobic as they are submerged in water, decomposition of plant matter is slow
Tundra Soil
much of soil is permanently frozen and contains ancient carbon
global warming and tundra soil
global warming is melting the tundra releasing carbon
what is active in the surface layer of tundra soil
microbe activity is only active in the surface layer when it thaws
what happens to the rest of matter in tundra soil
organic matter remains frozen so carbon is locked in the store
healthy soil characteristics
dark, crumbly, porous contains worms and other organism provide air, water, nutrients contain carbon and organic matter sequester carbon improved resistance to wetter weather retain moisture
why do mangrove soil contain more soil than tundra
more layers for carbon to enter, an anaerobic means less carbon is released
tundra is frozen meaning no carbon is can leave or enter as its frozen
factors affecting energy consumption
physical available environmental problems economic development public perception technology cost
how is consumption of energy measured
kilograms of oil equivalent or megawatt hours per person - measure rises with economic development
energy intensity 0 assessed by calculating the units of energy used per unit GDP
name 4 energy players
OPEC - TNCS, CONSUMERS, GOVERNMENT
OPEC - Role
Control the pricing and how much their is
TNCs - Role
can set prices and sell to consumers - Shell