Carbon compounds

Question 1

What is the definition of organic?

Answer 1

relating to or derived from living matter.

Question 2

A carbon atom has 4 electrons in its outer shell. What does this mean?

Answer 2

it can form 4 covalent bonds

Question 3

Carbon-carbon bonds are strong. But are they polar or non-polar?

Answer 3

non-polar

Question 4

What is meant by an isomerism reaction?

Answer 4

Isomerisation is the process by which one molecule is transformed into another molecule which has exactly the same atoms, but the atoms have a different arrangement

Question 5

What are the first 10 alkanes?

Answer 5

methane
ethane
propane
butane 
pentane
hexane
heptane
octane
nonane
decane

Question 6

How many carbon-carbon bonds does an alkane have?

Answer 6

1

Question 7

How many carbon-carbon bonds does an alkene have?

Answer 7

2

Question 8

How many carbon-carbon bonds does an alkyne have?

Answer 8

3

Question 9

What is the empirical formula?

Answer 9

A formula that shows the simplest ration of the atoms of each element present in a compound.

Question 10

What is the empirical formula for ethane?

Answer 10

CH3

Question 11

What is the molecular formula?

Answer 11

The formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in the molecule

Question 12

How do you find the molecular formula?

Answer 12

The empirical formula
the relative molecular mass of the empirical formula
The relative molecular mass of the molecule

Question 13

What is the molecular formula of pentane?

Answer 13

C5H12

Question 14

What is the displayed formula?

Answer 14

It shows every atom and every bond in the molecule

Question 15

What is the structural formula?

Answer 15

The unique arrangement of atoms in a molecule in a simplified form, without showing all the bonds.

Question 16

What is the structural formula for butane?

Answer 16

CH3CH2CH2CH3

Question 17

What is the structural formula for ethane?

Answer 17

CH3CH3

Question 18

What is the structural formula for propanol

Answer 18

CH3CH2CH2OH

Question 19

How would you show the branches in a carbon chain in a structural formula?

Answer 19

(in brackets)
For example the structure below would be written as..
CH3CH(CH3)CH3

Question 20

When would you use a skeletal formula?

Answer 20

When drawing more complex structures of carbon compounds

Question 21

What is a skeletal formula?

Answer 21

straight lines represent carbon-carbon bonds, and the carbon atoms are assumed to be where the bonds meet. An extra line is drawn to represent a double carbon bond. None of the hydrogen atoms are drawn. However, all functional groups must be added.

Question 22

What is a skeletal formula?

Answer 22

straight lines represent carbon-carbon bonds, and the carbon atoms are assumed to be where the bonds meet. An extra line is drawn to represent a double carbon bond. None of the hydrogen atoms are drawn. However, all functional groups must be added.

Question 23

What is a three-dimensional structural formula?

Answer 23

It shows the three-dimensional structure of a model.

Question 24

How would you show that bonds are coming out of the paper when drawing a three-dimensional structural formula?

Answer 24

With wedges

Question 25

How would you show that bonds are going into the paper when drawing a three-dimensional structural formula?

Answer 25

With dotted lines

Question 26

How would you show that bonds are going into the paper when drawing a three-dimensional structural formula?

Answer 26

With dotted lines

Question 27

What is a polar bond?

Answer 27

a covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons forming the bond are unequally distributed. This causes the molecule to have a slight electrical dipole moment where one end is slightly positive and the other is slightly negative.