carbon compounds

Question 1

State 1 difference between organic compound and non-organic compound

Answer 1

org : non-org
carbon containing : non-carbon containing
from living organisms : from non-living materials

Question 2

Explain 2 ways alcohol can be produced

Answer 2

• hydration with presence of phosphoric acid at 60atm, 300 C

- fermentation of glucos/ starch with yeast

Question 3

What is the general formula for complete combustion of alkane (the one ms.siaw gave)

Answer 3

CxHy + (x + y/4) O2 → x Co2+ y/2 H2O

Question 4

Catalytic cracking converts __ to ___ at ___oC, and presence of ____ as a catalyst

Answer 4

• converts alkane to alkene
• 600 oC
• Alluminium Oxides

Question 5

What process occurs when butane is added with bromine water in the presence of UV ray?
What product is formed

Answer 5

• Substitution reaction

- bromobutane and hydrogen bromide

Question 6

Name the homologous series of C4H8

Answer 6

alkene

Question 7

Name the functional group for CH3COOH

Answer 7

COOH

Question 8

Explain how to convert alkene into alcohol

Answer 8

• Hydration method

- Mixture of alkene and steam is passed through phosphoric acid at 300oC, and 60 Patm

Question 9

What does hydrogenation do? What are the conditions for this reaction

Answer 9

• convert alkene to alkane

- nickel/ platinum as catalyst, 180oC

Question 10

Give 3 physical properties of alkane, alkene and alkyne

Answer 10

• Low melting and boiling point
• Low density
• Soluble in organic solvent
• Cnnt conduct electricity at all

Question 11

Is propanol and butanol miscible in water?

Answer 11

• propanol is miscible

- butanol is not

Question 12

pent-1-ene is added with hydgrogen chloride to produce ___

Answer 12

• 2 chloropentane

- 1 chloropentane

Question 13

What are isomers

Answer 13

• compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structural formula

Question 14

State the functional group for esters

Answer 14

carboxylate

Question 15

Explain the conversion of alcohol into alkene

Answer 15

• dehydration
• alcohol vapour is passed through heated unglazed porcelain chips
• alcohol is heated under reflux at 170oC and concentrated sulphuric acid as catalyst

Question 16

in oxidation,

alcohol + ___ –> _____ + ______

Answer 16

alcohol + 2[O] –> carboxylic acid + H20

Question 17

methanoic acid reacts with pentan-1-ol to produce ___

Answer 17

pentyl methanoate and water

Question 18

state 3 uses of alcohols

Answer 18

• fuel ( bcoz higly flamable and less soot)
• parmaceutical products (anticeptic, solvent in cough med))
• solvent ( paint, dyes, perfume)

Question 19

What is the name of the reaction when prop-1-ene is added with acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution?

Answer 19

oxidation with acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution

Question 20

But-1-ene is added with bromine water. State the reaction and observation

Answer 20

• halogenation

- Brown bromine water turns colourless

Question 21

What is the state of Pent-1-ene at room condition?

Answer 21

liquid

Question 22

Explain why boiling point of pent-1-ene is larger than but-1-ene

Answer 22

• molecular size of pent-1-ene is larger than but-1-ene
• Van Der Waals foa between molecules of pent-1-ene is stornger than in but-1-ene
• more heat energy required to overcome the stronger VDW foa between molecules of pent-1-ene than that of but-1-ene

Question 23

Propanol reacts with propanoic acid in the presence of Y to form ester P. State:

• the reaction occured,
• substance Y
• ester P

Answer 23

• esterification
• Y : concentrated sulphuric acid
• P : propyl propanoate