Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protiens, Nucleic Acids

Question 0

What is the name of the carbohydrate monomer?

Examples(3)?

Answer 0

Monosaccharide- one sugar

Ex-glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 1

What elements do carbohydrates contain? In what ratio?

Answer 1

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

CH2O

Question 2

What is the dimer of carbohydrates?
Examples(3)?
General form?

Answer 2

Disaccharide- 2 sugars
Ex- sucrose, maltose, lactose
General form- C12H22O11

Question 3

What’s the polymer of carbohydrates?

Examples(animal and plant)?

Answer 3

Polysaccharides-many
Animal-glycogen
Plant-cellulose

Question 4

Main functions of a carbohydrate?

Answer 4

• structure

- energy

Question 5

What is the test for a Carbohydrate monomer? How do you preform it?

Answer 5

Benedict’s test

• add equal parts of the solution and Benedict’s
• heat for a few minutes
• bright colors=sugar present

Question 6

What’s the test for a carbohydrate polymer? Hoe do you preform it?

Answer 6

Iodine test

• add equal parts o the solution and iodine
• if turns black/dark purple there is a starch present

Question 7

What elements are in a lipid?

Answer 7

Carbon,hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 8

What are lipid polymers made of? What are the four?

Answer 8

They are made of a long straight hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group attached to one end
Triglyceride, phospholipid, waxes, steroids

Question 9

What are triglyceride? Examples?

Answer 9

Macromolecules (3 fatty on one glycerol)

Ex- oils from plants and animals

Question 10

What is a Phospholipid?

Answer 10

Two fatty acids and a phosphate group are attached to a glycerol

Question 11

What are waxes?

Answer 11

Long fatty acid chains joined by a long alcohol chain

Question 12

What are steroids?

Answer 12

Composed of four carbon rings

Considered as lipids because they don’t dissolve in H2O

Question 13

What are the main function of lipids?

Answer 13

• Cell membrane (lipid bi-layer)
• long term energy storage
• prevent desiccation (drying out)

Question 14

What is the test for lipids? How is it preformed?

Answer 14

Brown paper towel test

• add a few drops of the solution on a BROWN paper towel
• wait for solution to dry
• if transparent than a lipid is present

Question 15

What organic compound is the best for storing energy?

Answer 15

Lipids

Question 16

What is the lipid monomer called?

Answer 16

Fatty acids

Question 17

-are lipids polar or nonpolar?

Answer 17

Nonpolar because they don’t dissolve in water

Question 18

What are the elements in a protein?

Answer 18

Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen

Question 19

What is the monomer of a protein?

Answer 19

Amino acids

Question 20

What are amino acids?

Answer 20

The monomer of protein, and when amino acids link they share a peptide bond and create a long chain called a protein

Question 21

What is the dimer of a protein?

Answer 21

Dipeptide

Question 22

What is a dipeptide?

Answer 22

Two amino acids bonded together

Question 23

What is the polymer if a protein?

Answer 23

Polypeptide

Question 24

What is a polypeptide?

Answer 24

A long chain of amino acids (protein)

Question 25

What are the main function of a protein?

Answer 25

- build body tissues | - form enzymes

Question 26

What is the protein test? How do you preform it?

Answer 26

Biuret's test - add equal parts solution and biuret - I'd solution turns lavender a protein is present

Question 27

What are the two types of structures of a protein? Examples?

Answer 27

Fibrous- ex. Hair, spider webs | Globular- ex. Hemoglobin

Question 28

Ehat elements are present in a nucleic acid?

Answer 28

Phosphate, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen and carbon

Question 29

What is the monomer for a nucleic acid?

Answer 29

Nuclide, made up of a phosphate group and a five carbon sugar and a ring shaped nitrogen base