Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

carbohydrates

A

sugars, starches, celluloses, and fiber; chief source of energy

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2
Q

monosaccharide

A

a single sugar unit (glucose, fructose, galactose)

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3
Q

disaccharides

A

two sugar units (sucrose, lactose, maltose)

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4
Q

polysaccharides

A

long chains of monosaccharide units linked together (starch, fiber)

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5
Q

fiber

A

complex carbohydrate; provides bulk in diet and intestinal health; regulates absorption of glucose.

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6
Q

soluble fiber

A

dissolved by water; helps moderate blood glucose and lower cholesterol

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7
Q

insoluble fiber

A

does not dissolve in water

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8
Q

glucose

A

simple sugar made by the body from carbs, fats and sometimes protein; main source of fuel

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9
Q

glycogen

A

complex carbohydrate used to store energy in liver and muscle tissue

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10
Q

glycemic index

A

the rate carb sources raise blood sugar and the effect on insulin release:
HIGH = >70
MODERATE= 56-69
LOW= <55

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11
Q

Carb FACTS

A

provides nutrition that fat and protein can’t
keeps glycogen stores full
helps maintain fluid balance
spares protein for building muscle

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