Carbohydrates

Question 1

why arent viruses living cells

Answer 1

contain genetic material, but unable to reproduce by itself, requires a host cell

Question 2

carbohydrate definition and functional group

Answer 2

polyhydroxyaldehyde/polyhydroxyketone, or able to form these compounds after hydrolysis
CnH2nOn , 3<n<8

Question 3

monosaccharide definiton

Answer 3

unable to be hydrolysed into a simpler carbohydrate in mild conditions

Question 4

chirality of carbohydrates

Answer 4

possible for carbs to have more than 1 chiral center, possible to have more than 2 enantiomers
start counting from aldehyde carbon or carbon at end closest to keto carbon

Question 5

furan vs pyran rings

Answer 5

5 or 6 carbons in the ring

Question 6

derivatives of carbohydrates

Answer 6

carbohydrates reacted with another molecule to form a derivative
sugar alcohols eg sorbitol
deoxy sugars for DNA
sugar phosphates
amino sugars
oligo and polysaccarides

Question 7

glycogen

Answer 7

1000s of glucose molecules, store of energy, glycosidic bonds between hydroxyl groups
homo and hetero branched and unbranched

Question 8

dissacharides

Answer 8

glycosidic bonds, monosaccarides are now called residues
glucose glucose maltose
glucose maltose sucrose
glucose galactose lactose

Question 9

glycolipids and glycoproteins

Answer 9

plasma membrane, glycoprotiens and proteoglycans (bigger)
act as ligands receptors etc