carbohydrates

Question 1

macromolecules

Answer 1

• carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 2

monosaccharides

Answer 2

carbohydrates that exist as monomers

Question 3

what are carbohydrates

Answer 3

sugars

Question 4

five monosaccharides

Answer 4

pentose sugars
- ribose
- deoxyriboce
hexose sugars
- glucose
- galactose
- fructose

Question 5

properties and uses of glucose

Answer 5

• once oxidized it produces ATP
• sugar used by all organisms to obtain energy and short term energy storage
• small size + it’s stability and solubility makes it easier to be transported in water and blood
• if stored in excess amounts can lead to osmotic problems. Larger polymers such as starch lose water solubility to overcome this problem

Question 6

condensation reaction

Answer 6

OH from a monomer and a H from another monomer will be removed to form H2O molecule, then a covalent bond will be formed

Question 7

hydrolysis reaction

Answer 7

the opposite of condensation reaction: H2O is needed

Question 8

disaccharides

Answer 8

carbohydrates that exist as dimers

Question 9

three disaccharides

Answer 9

sucrose, maltose, lactose

Question 10

what two molecules make up sucrose

Answer 10

glucose and fructose

Question 11

what two molecules make up maltose

Answer 11

glucose and glucose

Question 12

what two molecules make up lactose

Answer 12

glucose and galactose

Question 13

oligosaccharides

Answer 13

• carbohydrates that are made up of three-twenty monosaccharides
• you find them in the cell membrane
• for ex. ABD and other types of blood are found in animals and specific oligo