Carbohydrates

Question 1

starch

Answer 1

•large polysaccharide, joined by glycosidic bonds formed by condensation reactions between alpha glucose monomers

•insoluble-doesn’t affect water potential of cell

•coiled so compact-stored in small place

•glycosidic bonds easily hydrolysed-form alpha glucose, monomers easily transported,used in respiration

Question 2

Glycogen

Answer 2

structurally similar to starch but more branches and shorter chains(not in plants)

Large insoluble polysaccharide formed by CR between alpha glucose monomers with 1,6 + 1,4 GB

•insoluble-doesn’t affect water potential of cell

•coiled so compact-stored in small space

•highly branched-GB rapidly hydrolysed by enzymes to form alpha glucose monomers easily transported used in respiration

Question 3

Celulose

Answer 3

straight on brand structural polysaccharide which forms plant cell wall

•made of B glucose monomers held together by 1,4 GB formed by CR.

•Each B glucose monomer is rotated 180° alternating GB bonds.

•Straight chains, parallel to each other linked by H B form bundles called microfibrils- microfibril is very strong and support cell wall and prevent it from bursting when a plant cell becomes turgid (resist osmotic pressure)