carbohydrates Flashcards
glycogen
formed from glucose and stored in liver and muscle tissues
glucagon
hormone that helps liver convert glycogen to glucose
pectin
gel-like substance; treat diarrhea
celllulose
framework of plants ; non digestible
soluble fibers
delay gastrointestinal transit
insoluble fibers
accelerate gastrointestinal transit
dextrins
intermediate products of starch upon breakdown
maltose
less sweet than sucrose and glucose; found in malt beverages and infant formulas and beers
lactose
milk sugar; less soluble and less sweet
how many percent is lactose in human milk?
7%
sucrose
ordinary table sugar
fructose
sweetest simple sugar
glucose
fuels body; only the one that provides energy for the brain
what are the elements found in carbohydrates
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
empty calories
foods that contain carbohydrates only
diet for heart disease, cancer, and diabetes
high-carbohydrate
diet for weight control
fibers rich in complex arbohydrates
monosaccharides
glucose, fructose, galactose
disaccharides
sucrose, lactose, maltose
polysaccharides
starch, dextrins, pectin, cellulose, glycogen
