Carbohydrate and lipids quiz Flashcards
monosaccaride
a carbohydrate made up of a single sugar residue
disaccharide
a carbohydrate made up of 2 sugar residues
oligosaccharide
a carbohydrate made up of 3-10 sugar residues
polysaccharide
a carbohydrate made up of more than 10 sugar residues
aldose
a carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is an aldehyde
ketose
a carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is a ketone
triose (and variants)
a carbohydrate made up of three carbons (prefix can range from tri- to hept-)
lipid
a biological molecule that is hydrophobic and thus largely insoluble in water
fatty acid
a carboxylic acid with a long hydrocarbon side chain
amphiphile
a molecule that is both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
amphipathic
a molecule that is both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
Saturated
a fatty acid that is fully reduced, thus contains no double (or triple) bonds
unsaturated
a fatty acid containing double bonds
CH3(CH2)10COOH
Lauric acid
dodecanoic acid
12:0
saturated
CH3(CH2)12COOH
Myristic acid
tetradecanoic acid
14:0
saturated
CH3(CH2)14COOH
Palmitic acid
hexadecanoic acid
16:0
saturated
CH3(CH2)16COOH
Stearic acid
octadecanoic acid
18:0
saturated
CH3(CH2)18COOH
Arachidic acid
eicosanoic acid
20:0
saturated
CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Palmitoleic acid
9-hexadecenoic acid
16:1n-7
unsaturated
CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Oleic acid
9-octadecenoic acid
18:1n-9
unsaturated
CH3(CH2)4(CH=CHCH2)2(CH2)6COOH
Linoleic acid
9,12-octadecanoic acid
18:2n-6
unsaturated
CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)3(CH2)6COOH
alpha-linolenic acid
9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid
18:3n-3
unsaturated
CH3(CH2)4(CH=CHCH2)4(CH2)2COOH
arachidonic acid
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
20:4n-6
unsaturated
CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)5(CH2)2COOH
EPA
5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid
20:5n-3
unsaturated
CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)6CH2COOH
DHA
4,7,10,13,16,19-docasohexenoic acid
22:6n-3
unsaturated
