Captain Upgrade - GOM Flashcards
1
Q
When is a 17347 (formerly 3585) second alternate required?
A
- When either the destination or first alternate has remarks below mins(but not less than 50% of published mins)
- A second alternate will be used when dispatched under 3585
2
Q
What is sterile cockpit?
A
- Critical phases of flight when crewmembers cannot engage in activity not essential to safe flight
- Begins when cockpit door is secure until reaching cruise altitude
- Starts again on descent below 10,000 until parking brakes set at the gate
3
Q
By how far should thunderstorms be avoided?
A
20 NM
4
Q
What is a pre-takeoff check? When is it done? Can it be done from the cockpit?
A
Pre-takeoff check in an inspection of the wings and representative surfaces for frost, ice, or snow. It should be done within the holdover time and should be done from the cabin where adequate visual reference to the surfaces is allowed, but can be done from the cockpit if it can be safely determined
5
Q
Which MX categories can be extended?
How long?
A
- Category B - 3 days
- Category C - 10 days
6
Q
How much additional runway length is required for IMC approaches and what are the weather minimums for this situation?
A
- 15%
- Any time the weather is below 3/4 mile or RVR 4000
- Aerodata low visibility data ensures compliance
7
Q
How does Mesa define Marginal?
A
Marginal is the lowest approach mins expected plus 500 + 1 at both the destination and alternate
8
Q
What are the PICs responsibilities during an emergency?
(GOM pg 13.4)
A
- Consider making an emergency descent
- Consider burning excess fuel
- Consider Crew duties (assign as necessary)
- Use the ABCs of Emergencies and Emergeny Procedures - EPC, QRH, A, B, C
9
Q
How is a crew member SARA qualified?
A
- One or both pilots did a takeoff and landing from the SARA field within 12 months
- Pictorial Jepps for Captains only (Exemption 4416)
*** GOM 4.13 ***
10
Q
What are the lower than standard Takeoff Minima for operations at or above RVR 1600?
A
- If TDZ (touchdown zone) RVR report is available it is controlling.
- The mid RVR may substitute for unavailable TDZ.
11
Q
When must carry on baggage be stowed?
A
Prior to door closure
12
Q
What happens when a destination WX report
shows deteriorating WX requiring an alternate enroute to the airfield?
(GOM pg 7.35)
A
PIC and dispatcher will consider (through discussion with ACARS) based on level and rate of deterioration- selecting an alternate to which the flight may proceed considering available fuel supply and reserve requirements.
13
Q
What are the IFR takeoff minimums?
A
- Standard takeoff mins are 1 statue mile
- RVR, when available will be used
- Lower than standard mins are authorized when published in the Jepps
- Lower than standard mins require runway centerline lights and markings and/or adequate visual reference
- When using lower than standard RVR mins, TDZ RVR is controlling
- In no case will lower than published mins be used
14
Q
What factors determine effectiveness of fluid?
A
Concentration and type of fluid
15
Q
A First Officer has flown a total of 70 hours under Part 121 in Mesa aircraft. What limitations must this First Officer comply with?
A
- No pairings with Captains with less than 75 hours
- unless a check airman, captain does takeoffs and landings
- SARA airports
- Visibility < 3/4 mile or RVR 4000
- Contaminated runways
- Braking action < good
- X-wind > 15 knots
- Windshear
- CA discretion
16
Q
What are the four pillars of safety?
(GOM pg 1.21)
A
- Safety Policy
- Safety Risk Management (SRM)
- Safety Assurance (SA)
- Safety Promotion
17
Q
What does an “M” MEL indicate?
A
Procedures in the remarks section require specific training.
(MX personnel)
18
Q
What are the derived alternate weather minimums?
A
- One NAVAID rule:
- Add 400 + 1 to the lowest Category 1 minimums
- Two NAVAID rule:
- Add 200 + 1/2 to the lowest Category 1 minimums of the two approaches
- Must be straight in approach
- Must use different runways
- Must be suitable runways
- Must have different NAVAID identifiers
19
Q
Who cannot sit in an emergency exit row?
A
- Persons without sufficient balance, mobility, or strength to exit or assist
- Less than 15 years old
- Unable to read or understand English
- Unable to see w/out contacts or glasses
- Unable to hear w/out hearing aid
- Unable to communicate instructions to others
- Having conditions in which performing duties would harm them
- Passengers with animals
- Passengers caring for small children or infants
- Prisoners under escort
- Unwilling
20
Q
What are disqualified passengers?
A
- Infants < 7 days without accompanying medical person
- Infants requiring incubators or life support
- UMs < 5 online, < 8 off line
- Pregnant and due w/in 7 days
- Pregnant and without Dr.note w/in 72 hours
- Pax req Oxygen
- Pax unable to sit upright
- barefoot, except infants
- Intoxicated
- High risk prisoners
- Firearms without authorization
- Pax unable to use seatbelt with one extension
21
Q
What are the requirements for High Mins Captains (HMC)?
(GOM pg 7.40)
A
- Takeoff: can apply lower than standard mins for T/O. However, T/O alternate is predicated on HMC landing mins.
- Landing: Landing mins may be determined by adding 100 ft to DH/MDA and 1/2 statute mile to min visibility or RVR equivalent.
- Althernates: Landing mins for HMCs are not increased to applicable mins at alternate airports, and lower than standard rules may be applied but no less than 300/1.
- HMCs will be designated with a “Y” on the realease next to their names until 100 hrs are achieved.
(GOM pg 7.40). (FAR 121.652)
22
Q
How does a First Officer maintain currency for Part 121 ground training, proficiency check, landings?
A
- Annual RGS
- Line checks not required
- Annual PC/PT
- 3 takeoffs/landings within 90 days
23
Q
If you cannot land within 60% of the most suitable runway at your destination, can you takeoff?
A
No, but Aerodata should ensure compliance
24
Q
How intoxicated must a passenger be to be denied?
A
Enough to be helpless, objectionable, or dangerous
25
Can you continue to an airport when the weather for your alternate drops below the derived alternate minimums?
Yes, as long as the weather reporting at the destination is adequate, otherwise you need to contact dispatch for a revised alternate
26
What are the requirements for takeoff with less than 1 mile vis down to ¼ or 1600 RVR?
* TDZ RVR, if available, is controlling
* At least one of the following:
* HIRL
* CL
* RCLM
* **Adequate visual reference**
27
What are the lowest remarks for the first alternate?
Not less than 1/2 the derived minimums for the ceiling and visibility
28
How does a Captain maintain currency under Part 121 operations for ground training, proficiency check, line check, and landings?
* Annual RGS
* Semi-annual PC/PT
* Annual Line Check
* 3 takeoffs and landings in 90 days
## Footnote
\*\*\* Any recurrent event has a base month, early, and late grace month\*\*\*
29
What HAZMAT can we take onboard?
* Gas cylinders (Empty and demonstrated depleated)
* Dry Ice (5lbs or 4.4 off line per container - 50lbs max, vented)
* Ammo (11 lbs/person, 110lbs/plane)
* Sealed oil
* Serviceable tires or unserviceable and depleted tires
* Wheelchair batteries
* Toiletries ?
30
What are the expiration times
for each MX category?
(FAR 121.363) (GOM pg 9.8)
* Category A: Repaired within the interval specified in the Remarks column of the MEL
* Category B: 72 hrs (3 days-excluding day of writeup)
* Category C: 240 hrs (10 days-excluding the day of the writeup
* Category D: 120 days (excluding the day of the writeup)
* Category M: NEFs have specific timer frames specific to eash individual NEF.
31
What is consolidation?
* 100 hours within 120 days of initial check ride
* Can have a line check to extend 30 days
* IOE counts towards everything except high mins captains
32
What is the policy regarding disabled passengers?
Mesa does not discriminate against disabled passengers
33
What kinds of flying are First Officers prohibited from performing?
* Takeoffs with prevailing visibility less than 1 mile or 5000 rvr
* FO's are not trained to takeoff with \< 1 mile or 5000 RVR
34
What are the FOs functions during an emergency?
(GOM pg 13.4)
* Make sure flashlights and fire extinguisher are available
* Secure loose items in the cockpit
* Assist PIC with any additional requests
* Exit aircraft with flashlight and fire extinguisher
* Assist once outside in assembling passengers away from the aircraft
35
When can you cancel IFR?
Preferably on the ground with ATC, but just prior to landing is acceptable
36
How do de-ice/anti ice fluids work?
* Type I heated - Lowers freezing point and the heat melts snow and ice
* Type II S/A but provides coating to prevent accumulation
* Type IV - Same as Type II with better holdover times
37
What does an "O" MEL indicate?
Procedures in the remarks section do not require special training (pilots)
38
Does the marginal rule apply to the remarks section?
No
39
How is a write-up properly cleared or deferred?
* Cleared by Mx (Corrective action performed and signed off)
* Deferred by MEL procedures and transcribed to the DDL
40
What should you do for severe icing condition?
* Ensure wing/cowl de-icers are on
* Exit immediately
* Request priority handling from ATC as required
* Avoid abrupt maneuvering
* Do not engage auto pilot
* Reduce angle of attack
41
Can the doors be closed prior to exit row seat verification?
Yes, during cold or noisy conditions
42
When must a departure alternate be filed?
* When the visibility at the departure airport is less than the lowest category 1 minimums for the runway in use
* High mins captains add 100 + 1/2
43
What are the conditions for severe icing?
Freezing rain, SLD icing, or freezing drizzle
44
What are the MEL time limits by category?
* A - Per the remarks
* B - 72 hours
* C - 240 hours
* D - 120 days
* M - 30 days
45
What Takeoff limitations exist for high mins Captains?
Lower than standard minimums can be used, but the requirement for a takeoff alternate is predicated on the category minimums +100 and 1/2
## Footnote
\*\*\* GOM 6.20 \*\*\* \*\*\* Op specs C054 \*\*\*
46
Can aircraft be de-iced with engines running?
* Yes, use extreme caution. Avoid spraying fluid into intakes
* GOM prefers that APU be off and engines running
47
When does holdover time begin?
At the start of the final application
48
Must the PIC be made aware for the reason of the test flight?
Yes
49
What is the procedure for making changes to the release
* Pen and ink changes are authorized for anything except the Captains name
* Record the new information, the dispatchers initials, and Zulu time of the change
50
Is it possible to lose instrument currency under 121?
Captain won't with training events every 6 months, F.O.'s can, but highly unlikely.
51
What additional briefing is required for visually or hearing impaired Pax?
* Visual - One on one briefing counting seats rows to exits or place their hands
* Hearing - Provide written briefing card
52
What are the requirements for takeoff with less than 1200 touchdown / 1000 rollout RVR down to 600/600/600 RVR?
* TDZ RVR, if available, is controlling
* The following:
* CL
* RCLM
* TDZ and rollout RVR both of which are controlling
* Three RVR systems all of which are controlling
* Three RVR systems, with at least 2 operational and reporting \> 600
* **Adequate visual reference**
53
What are the Airspace Speed limitations?
* Class A: None.
* Class B: 250 kts below 10,000 ft, 200 kts below the overhangin shelf.
* Class C: Below 200 kts at or below 2,500 ft within four nautical miles of primary airport.
* Class D: Below 200 kts at or below 2,500 ft within four nautical miles of primary airport.
* Below 10,000 ft 250 kts
(GOM pg 7.33)
(FAR )
54
What is the purpose of the Exemption 3585
To allow dispatch of aircraft to destinations and alternates with acceptable forecast mins when conditional phrases in the remarks section are less than mins at eta
55
What is required to proceed past the FAF?
* Visibility at least equal to the minimums for the approach in use
* High mins Captain mins apply
* Must have additional 15% runway length available for vis over dry runway requiremnts
56
What criteria must be met for a legal takeoff alternate?
* Must be an authorized alternate airport(not NA on Jepps)
* Must conform to the derived alternate airport minimums
* Must be within one hour at normal cruise with one engine inop
* High Mins Captain Mins apply
57
What type of icing is unacceptable?
Severe
58
What should you do for an expired MEL?
Contact MX control for an extension
or
have MX performed prior to flight
59
Who can carry firearms?
Employees of a municipality, state, or the United States authorized to carry them in the performance of their duties
60
What are the circle to land minimums
1,000' + 3 miles vis
61
What does Mesa Airlines consider Marginal conditions? And what actions are required if conditions are marginal?
(GOM pg 7.39)
* When WX forecast conditions at both the destination and alternate airport within 500 ft (ceiling) and 1 mile (visibility) above the lowest suitable landing minimums for the airport.
* Both the ceiling AND the visibility must at BOTH the destination and first alternate must be considered marginal.
* If the above is true a second alternate is required.
62
Charter flights differ from revenue flights, how?
* Required to have an alternate
* May have to weigh passengers
63
What are the lowest remarks allowable for destination?
Not less than 1/2 for the lowest visibility for the expected approach
64
Do marginal conditions apply to ETA or ETA +/- one hour?
(FAR 121.619) (GOM pg 7.39)
ETA + / - one hour
65
When is a second alternate required under marginal conditions?
* When **BOTH** the destination **AND** first alternate are marginal
* The marginal rule applies to **both** ceiling and visibility and the weather must be less than the marginal values to require a second alternate
* High mins CA mins must be added to the approach and alternate mins
66
What should you do if the weather falls below mins?
* Inside the FAF: continue
* Contact SOC to coordinate divert / hold fuel status and obtain weather
* Outside the FAF, determine fuel status and request from ATC expected delay information and holding or divert as required
67
Can you continue to an airport when the weather drops below 2000/3 without an alternate?
Yes, at least until you contact dispatch to ensure adequate alternate available, and adequate fuel onboard. Otherwise you need to divert.
68
Do we preboard disabled passengers?
Only with their concurrence
69
What are the procedures for Exemption 5487?
1. Immediately contact SOC with some one who can verify identity
2. SOC will fax temporary license / medical (good for 7 days)
3. Pilot must request FAA fax within 72 hour (good for 60 days)
4. Pilot must fax copy of temporary certificate to Crew Quals within 24 hrs of receipt
5. Good only in contiguous 48 states
70
What are the landing limits for turbojets for planning purposes?
(GOM pg 7.35)
* Landing weight must be planned which allows the A/C to fully stop within 60% of the effective length of runway at destination.
* Wet or slippery runways require full stop be made within 115% of the distance above.
* Alternates require the same calculation.
* runway 8,000 ft.
* full stop within 4,800 ft. (8,000 x .6)
* if wet then 5,520 (4,800 x 1.15)
71
Under what conditions can live animals be carried?
* Other than service animals, only one per cabin
* No snakes, bees, toxic, or venomous animals
* Must be small enough to fit under seat or in overhead
* Must be carried in an approved carrier
* NOT ON CRJ 200 in cargo
* Not in cargo with dry ice
* PIC must be notified
72
When must the release be revalidated?
* After 2 hours; Get a new one printed for significant changes
* Return to the airport / gate
* Altimeter changes by more than 0.1
73
What is the clean aircraft concept?
* Aircraft is required to be free of any contaminants which would degrade aircraft performance
* CA is responsible to visually inspect aircraft adequately deicied for takeoff
* CA will ensure free from ice, snow, or frost contamination
* Only approved fluids used
74
What are "High Mins" Captains?
\< 100 hours in type (IOE does not count) during part 121
75
What are the limitations of
a High Mins Captian (HMC)?
(GOM pg 7.40)
1. Takeoff: Can apply lower than standard minimums, however, T/O alternate must comply with HMC landing mins.
2. Landing: Must add 100 ft to DH/MDA and 1/2 mile to required min visibility or RVR equivalent.
3. Alternates:
76
What braking action report is unacceptable?
Nil
77
What must be repported by AWOS before it can be used for an approach?
Visibility
78
What documents and equipment are required in a crewmembers flight kit?
* GOM
* CFM
* Medical
* License
* RTO
* Passport
* Jepps
* Headset
* Pen
* Logbook
* Flashlight
79
What items are considered assistive devices?
Items which assist with life activity such as walkers, inhalers, canes, etc.
80
What documents and equipment are required to be onboard for revenue flights?
* All required emergency equipment within inspection limits
* Airworthiness Cert
* Registration
* RTO
* MEL/CDL
* AFML
* Checklists
* Headsets
* GOM/CFM
* Jepps
81
What happens if holdover times are exceeded?
## Footnote
**Only a consideration during active precipitation**
* Type I must de-ice again. Consider using fluid with better hold over times
* Type II Must de-ice then reapply anti ice fluid
* Type IV - Same as with Type II
82
When using a round trip release, when will you need a new or amended release?
* Change in flight information
* Change in minimum fuel
* If the flight is delayed an hour or more
83
When must a crew do the "First Flight Of the Day Checks?"
First flight of the day or when the aircraft has been sitting over 4 hours
84
What are the ABCs of Emergency Procedures mental checklist?
(GOM pg 13.4)
* EPC - Master Warning response with Emergency Procedures Checklist (EPC) should be accomplished
* QRH - The Quick Reference Handbook (QRH) follows the EPC
* A - ATIS and advise
* Once QRH is accomplished make decisions on landing destination
* ATIS, ATC, and SOC consulted/notified as to conditions and series of actions
* Advise ATC, SOC, FAs and passengers of intentions/briefing
* B - briefing for the approach to airfield
* C - checklists, the remaining normal checkllists should be accomplished
85
What are some of the considerations to carrying UM's?
* They must remain in the custody of an FA or gate agent who signs for them
* They must wear a red and white UM badge
* Not less than 5 years old for online travel
* Not less than 8 years old for interline travel
86
Where can carry on baggage be stowed?
* Overhead
* Under seat
* In a non-emergency exit seat(or row fore or aft of an emergency exit row) w/seatbelt and adjacent to bulkhead
* In aft cargo
87
If you can see through the rainfall on the other side of a thunderstorm, is it ok to fly underneath?
No, there may be significant convective activity beneath
88
Does 17347 (formerly 3585) apply to WX
at ETA or +/- 1 hour?
* ETA
* Main body must indicate WX at or above authorized mins for ETA
* TAF at destination must not be below 1/2 of the lowest min visibility for approach to be used
* TAF at first alternate shall not be less than 1/2 of WX min ceiling AND visibility in OPSPECS for that aiport.
* METAR or TAF or combination thereof must indicate in main body AND remarks that WX conditions be at or above alternate ceiling AND visibility in OPSPECS
* Decreasing remarks begin at the first minute of the becoming period
* Improvements do not begin until the last minute of the becoming period
(GOM pg. 7.39) (OPSPECS A005)
89
What is windshear?
(GOM pg 12.15)
* Sudden wind speed or direction changes over short distances.
* Serious concern with airspeed changes of 15 kts or vertical speed changes greater than 500 fpm.
* Microbursts characterized by sudden intense downdrafts
90
Do we accept guide/service animals?
Yes, as long as they do not obstruct the isle or emergency exit
91
What must be added to the release for Exemption 17347?
A remark must be added that the flight is dispatched under the exemption
92
Can dispatch occur with only one set of Jepps onboard?
Complete plates must be on board. Copies of missing plates is permissable
93
What must be done if Type IV is applied unevenly?
Reapply evenly. The thick agent will significantly alter the load on the wings
94
What is required to fuel with passengers onboard?
* Door remains open
* Passengers MUST be **TOLD**"No Smoking"
* No smoking signs on
* No smoking within 50'
* No radar within 100'
* Crew member onboard
* Extinguisher available
95
What should you do for inadvertant CB penetration?
* Alert Cabin
* Tighten belts
* Choose shortest route, don't turn back in middle
* Request altitude below freezing level
* Reduce speed
* Do not attempt to maintain altitude. Advise ATC
* Turn up lights, keep eyes on instruments
* Consider disengaging altitude hold/speed modes on auto pilot
96
At non tower airports, when must you monitor CTAF?
* Nominally within 10 minutes of anticipated landing
* Anytime you would otherwise be in contact with an operating tower
* When not being provided radar services from ATC and in a VFR environment where you can provide your own seperation
97
What if another crewmember is not at the gate 10 minutes after show time?
Contact crew tracking to locate missing crew member
98
When can accident aircraft be ferried?
Not before being released by the NTSB
99
When must an alternate be filed?
Whenever the weather forecast for arrival time +/- one hour is less than 2000' and 3 miles visibility
100
How much fuel must be carried for a 121 flight?
(FAR 121.639, 121.647). (GOM pg 7.31)
Enough to fly to the destination, the farthest alternate and 45 minutes of reserve at normal cruise.
101
Describe Type I, II, and IV fluid
* Type I Ethylene glycol and heated water. De-ice only
* Type II - Glycol with thickener. Anti ice
* Type IV Glycol with thickener. Anti ice, better hold over times
102
When can you leave the DA?
* When aircraft is in a position to make a normal approach to landing
And
* When at least one of the following is visible
* Runway, runway markings, runway lights
* Approach lights
* Threshold, threshold lights, threshold markings
* Touchdown zone, touchdown zone lights, touchdown zone markings
* VASI/PAPI
* REIL
103
Do you add 500 + 1 to the derived alternate minimums or the approach minimums?
Approach minimums
104
What conditions are conducive to windshear?
* Thunderstorms accompanied by heavy rain
* Virga
* Frontal activity
* low level jet stream
* Temperature inversions
105
What are the requirements for takeoff with less than 1600 RVR down to 1200 touchdown / 1000 rollout RVR?
* TDZ RVR, if available, is controlling
* The following:
* CL
* Two RVR systems both of which are controlling
* **Adequate visual reference**
106
What are the lowest Wx for the second alternate
Not less than the lowest alternate minimums for ceiling and vis
107
On a test flight, can flight attendants be onboard?
No, only required crew
108
What is the minimum info required for release?
* Ship #
* Flight #
* Departure / Intermediate / Destination / Alternate airports
* Min fuel - Fly to dest, most distant, alt, +45 min at normal cruise
* Type of operation
* WX
* Flight Plan
109
What paperwork is required for a ferry flight?
1. Ferry permit stapled to the appropriate AFML page
2. Release for airworthiness in the AFML corrective action block
110
When using a round trip release, what must be done at the intermediate airport?
Contact dispatch for updated information
111
What are the requirements for visibility below 1600 down to 1200/1200/1000?
(FAR 121.637) (GOM pg 3.12)
1. Two reporting RVRs required and controlling (except far end RVR report, advisory only)
2. Daylight hours
* Serviceable RCLM or
* HIRL or
* operative CL lights
3. Night Time hours
* HIRL or operative runway CL lights
112
What documents are required for a test flight?
1. Authorization stapled to the correct AFML page
2. Release for airworthiness and/or MX performed
3. PIC must make an entry in the AFML post flight stating: "Test flight satisfactory" with sign off or "Test flight unsatisfactory", stating why and with a new AFML write-up
113
What is show time?
45 minutes prior to departure time
114
What are you initial operating experience (IOE) requirements?
Group II aircraft - 25 hours and 4 cycles (At least 2 as flying pilot)
115
What are Standard Conditions for Takeoff
Under FAR 121 Flight rules (two engines)?
One Statute Mile or 5000 RVR
(GOM pg 3.12, para 8)
(FAR 121.651, OPSPEC C056)
116
What landing limitations exist for high mins Captains?
* Landing: MDA/DH add 100ft, 1/2 or RVR equivalent
* Alternate: No changes, but not less than 300 - 1
## Footnote
\*\*\* GOM 6.20 \*\*\* \*\*\*Op specs C054\*\*\*
117
When is a release considered to be late?
30 minutes prior to departure
118
What should you do if the Wx radar fails enroute?
If IMC in area of thunderstorm cells:
* Approaching cell, divert to alternate or return to departure airport
* If already in cells, request ATC assistance in detection/avoidance. Request shortest route through to destination, alternate or return as appropriate. Change in destination should be coordinated with SOC
* Past cells, continue to destination acceptable
119
Do we carry Pax with communicable diseases?
Yes, but only if they pose no health risks
120
What are the effects of snow, ice, or slush on the ground?
* They can adhere to flight control surfaces and/or gear and doors
* De-ice these areas as required
* Contaminates affect ground handling and braking action
* Use CFM procedures for onboard anti-icing systems
121
Can flight attendants be on a ferry flight?
Yes, but no passengers
122
What is exemption 5487?
Waiver for flight without license and/or medical
123
What should be done with an engine failiure enroute?
* Land at the nearest suitable airport in point of time
* Advise SOC of your intentions
124
What is the release void time?
2 hours after proposed departure time
