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Phlebotomy Lecture > Capillary Puncture & Equipments > Flashcards

Capillary Puncture & Equipments Flashcards

1
Q

What layer of the skin can drops of blood be obtained?

A

Dermal layer

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2
Q

It is especially useful for pediatric patients in whom removal of larger quantities of blood can have serious consequences.

A

Capillary specimen collection

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3
Q

A sterile, disposable, sharp-pointed or bladed instrument that either punctures or makes an incision in the skin to obtain capillary blood specimens for testing.

A

lancet

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4
Q

Which among the statements are true?

1: Selection of lancets depends on the age and collection site only.
2: Selection of lancets depend on age, collection site, volume of specimen required, but not the depth of puncture.
3: Selection of lancets depende of age, collection site, volume of specimen required, and depth of puncture.

A

Only statement 3

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5
Q

What is an important OSHA required lancet safety feature?

A

A permanently retractable blade of needle point to reduce risk of accidental sharps injury

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6
Q

It typically vaporizes water in the skin to produce a small hole in the capillary bed without cauterizing delicate capillaries.

A

Laser

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7
Q

What ages can laser be used according to FDA?

A

5 years of age and older

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8
Q

Special small plastic tubes used to collect the tiny amounts of blood obtained from capillary punctures which are often referred to as “bullets” because of their size and shape.

A

Microcollection containers

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9
Q

Are disposable, narrow-bore plastic or plastic clad glass capillary tubes that fill by capillary action and typically hold 50 to 75 uL of blood.

A

Microhematocrit tubes

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10
Q

What is being coated in a tube used when an Hct tube is filled with blood from a lavender-top tube?

A

ammonium heparin

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11
Q

typically have a red or green band on one end

A

heparin tubes

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12
Q

Tubes having a blue band.

A

Nonadditive tubes

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13
Q

This type of collection tubes are long thin narrow-bore capillary tubes which are normally plastic for safety and are available in a number of different sizes to accommodate volume requirements of various testing intruments.

A

Capillary blood gas (CBG) collection tubes

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14
Q

A special equipment for CBG collection which are small metal filings (fleas) or small metal bars that are inserted into the tubes after collection of a CBG specimen to aid in mixing the anticoagulant.

A

Stirrers

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15
Q

Both ends of a CBG tube are sealed immediately after specimen collection to prevent exposure to air. What is then used to mix the specimen?

A

Magnet

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16
Q

Used to seal CBG tubes and maintain anaerobic conditions in the specimen.

A

plastic caps or closures

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17
Q

Occasionally used to make blood films for hematology determinations

A

glass microscope slides

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18
Q

How much does blood flow increase when warming the site?

A

seven times

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19
Q

When is warming the site for blood flow increase especially important?

A

When performing heelsticks on newborns

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20
Q

What is the uniform temperature for warming devices?

A

42 degrees celsius or less

21
Q

A mixture of arterial, venous, and capillary blood , along with interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid.

A

Capillary specimens

22
Q

Which among the statements is true? Why?

1: Capillary blood contains a higher proportion of venous blood
2: Capillary blood contains a higher proportion of arterial blood

A

Statement 2 because arterial blood enters the capillaries under pressure

23
Q

True or False.

Because the composition of capillary blood differs from that of venous blood, reference (normal) values may also differ.

A

True

24
Q

True or False.

Concentration of glucose is normally lower in capillary blood specimens, whereas total protein (TP), calcium, and potassium are higher.

A

False. Glucose is higher and the others are lower.

25
Q

For every 10 mL of blood removed, how much iron is removed as well?

A

4mg

26
Q

What tests cannot be performed on skin puncture specimens?

A

erthrocyte sedimentation rate methods (esr), coagulation studies requiring plasma specimens, blood cultures, and test that require large volumes of serum or plasma

27
Q

It is important to patient comfort and the success of specimen collection

A

position

28
Q

Why should previously edematous punctured sites be avoided?

A

Because accumulated tissue fluid can contaminate the specimen and negatively affect test results

29
Q

Recommended site for capillary puncture on adults and children older than 1 year.

A

Palmar surface of the distal or end segnement of the middle or ring finger of the nondominant hand.

30
Q

Inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone due to puncture

A

osteomyelitis

31
Q

inflammarion of the bone and cartilage as a result of infection due to puncture

A

osteochondritis

32
Q

Safe areas for heel puncture on infants (Make Little People Happy)

A

Medial and lateral plantar side of the heel

33
Q

Specimen obtained from a warmed site.

A

Arterialized

34
Q

How long does it take to warm up site?

A

Wrapping for 3 to 5 minutes

35
Q

CLSI recommended antiseptic for cleaning a capillary puncture site.

A

70% isopropanol

36
Q

What tests are affected by povidone-iodine? (BURPP)

A

Bilirubin, uric acid, phosphorus, and potassium

37
Q

What have been identified as complications of finger punctures in newborns?

A

Infection and gangrene

38
Q

What results to puncture on the same side as a mastectomy?

A

Infection and effects of lymphostasis, leading to erroneous results

39
Q

What is the recommended site for collection of capillary puncture specimens on infants less than 1 year of age?

A

heel

40
Q

When finger puncturing a child, how many fingers should be held?

A

three to four fingers

41
Q

degree of angle when puncturing the heel

A

90 degrees

42
Q

A genetic disorder characterized by a defect in the enzyme that breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine, converting it into the amino acid tyrosine.

A

Phenylketonuria

43
Q

A disorder when left untreated leads to brain damage and mental retardation.

A

phenylketonuria

44
Q

a disorder characterized by insufficient levels of thyroid hormones. If left untreated, the deficiency hinders growth and brain development.

A

hypothyroidism

45
Q

an inherited disorder characterized by lack of the enzyme needed to covert the milk sugar galactose into glucose neded by the body for energy

A

galactosemia

46
Q

A genetic disorder caused by one or more mutations in the gene that directs a protein responsible for regulating the transport of chloride across the cell membranes. It produces thick, sticky mucus secretions.

A

cystic fibrosis

47
Q

Required to perform a manual differential - a test in which the number, type, and characteristics of bloods cells are determined by examining staind blood smear under a microscope.

A

blood film or smear

48
Q

How long should blood smeare for edta specimens be prepared?

A

1 hour within collection

Phlebotomy Lecture (3 decks)

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