Capacity, Duration, Coding Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the capacity for STM?
7 +/- 2
What is the duration of STM?
18 seconds
What is the coding for STM?
Acoustic
What is the capacity for LTM?
Infinite
What is the duration of LTM?
Endless
What is the coding for LTM?
Semantically
Which researchers investigated capacity for STM?
Miller - magic number
Jacobs - repeat strings of letters/digits
2 limitations of Jacobs?
Lacks external validity
Previous sequences may cause confusion
Which researchers investigated STM duration?
Peterson and Peterson
Briefly outline the procedure of Peterson and Peterson
Recall consonant syllables and 3 digit numbers after different length intervals
What were the findings of Peterson and Peterson?
Few could recall after 18 seconds interval
What is a weakness of Peterson and Peterson?
Lacks mundane realism
What researcher looked into STM coding
Baddeley
Briefly outline the procedure of Baddeley
Recall sets of words either immediately or after a 20-minute interval
Words acoustically similar/dissimilar or semantically similar/dissimilar
What is a weakness of Baddeley STM?
OP.A. found that visual coding can also be used - suggests that Baddeleys’s conclusions are oversimplified.
Evaluate Baddeley LTM (2 weaknesses)
RL - 20 minute interval is not a valid method for investigating LTM
OPA - Frost suggested visual info is related, suggesting Baddeley’s conclusions are oversimplified.
What researcher investigated LTM duration?
Bahrick et al.
Briefly outline the procedure of Bahrick et al.
Tested on ex-classmates
Free-recall
Photo-recognition
What were the findings from Bahrick et al.?
Found that recall decreases with age
Overall, photo-recognition was better than recall, suggesting information is stored but just difficult to access
What are 2 strengths of Bahrick et al.?
+ high external validity
+ good sample (400, wide age range)
