canine - parameters, diet, disease, routine procedures, welfare issues, common problems etc. Flashcards
heart rate
(incl point to note)
60-120bpm
size dep - larger dogs normal HR lower than smaller
respiration rate
10-30 breaths per min
temperature
38.3-39.4°C
mucous membrane colour
salmon pink
what makes up a suitable diet?
- life stage appropriate
- fed in correct amounts
- commercially prepared and available (includes raw food) (to ensure standards are met and food is safe and suitable for dog’s consumption?
capillary refill time
<2 secs
gestation period
63 days
diseases that have prescription diets (6)
Obesity
Kidney disease
GI disease
Liver disease
Heart disease
Urinary tract (prevention of bladder stones)
distemper - what does it affect? 2
(infectious diseases)
GI and respiratory tract
infectious hepatitis - what does it affect?
(infectious diseases)
liver
parvovirus - what does it affect?
(infectious diseases)
GI tract
leptospirosis - what does it affect? 2
(infectious diseases)
liver and kidney
ZOONOTIC
parainfluenza ((Canine infectious tracheobronchitis) - what does it affect?
(infectious diseases)
respiratory tract
bordetella bronchiseptica - what does it affect?
(infectious diseases)
respiratory tract
formal name for kennel cough
bordetella bronchiseptica
prevention for infectious diseases
VACCINATION
- 2-3 vaccs 2-4 weeks apart
- boosters each year
- **(BUT not all vaccs given yearly after 1st booster; some less often?)
- separate live vacc for kennel cough
which diseases are zoonotic?
distemper
infectious hepatitis
parvovirus
leptospirosis
parainfluenza
bordetella bronchiseptica (KC)
distemper (???CHECK)
COMPLETE WITH ANSWERS FROM 25TH APRIL ANSWERS
name 6 inherited disorders
1 elbow dysplasia
2 hip dysplasia
3 brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS)
4 syringomyelia
5 cryptorchidism
6 eye conditions e.g. glaucoma, retinal dysplasia
what is syringomyelia (brief)
fluid filled cavities that develop within spinal cord
what is cryptorchidism (brief)
one/both testicles fail to drop down into scrotum (can become cancerous/twisted)
prevention of hereditary disorders - how?
- tested for (to prevent being passed on through breeding)
- some easier to recognise by physical exam e.g. BOAS
- there aren’t not tests for all
define ectoparasites
parasite which lives outside host (e.g. on skin/coat)
3 types of ectoparasites
fleas
ticks
mites (ear/demodex)
define endoparasite
live inside host
usually within GI tract (or lung/heart/protozoa)
types of endoparasites
worms - roundworms/tapeworms (many diff sub species, some zoonotic, many preventative treatments)
5 ways that dogs can contract worms
contaminated soil, mothers (in stomach/feeding off?), raw meat/contaminated dead animals, eating snails, eating poo
how often dogs should be wormed
3 months (puppies more often)
under 12wks doit every 2 wks, after 12 weeks your puppies should be wormed once a month until they are six months old
5 routine procedures
- vaccination
- microchipping
- neutering
- parasite control (e.g. ticks, worming)
- dental hygiene
neutering procedure for female dogs
- name
- what it involves
-when it is done
- spay
- ovariohysteretomy (remove uterus and ovaries)
OR
ovariectomy (remove ovaries) - breed and size dep (usually after 1st season - will learn more),
neutering procedure for male dogs
- name
- what it involves
- when it is done
- castration
- removal of testicles
- breed and size dep (larger the dog = older they will be when safe to neuter)
top 3 welfare issues
1 inappropriate husbandry
2 lack of owner knowledge
3 undesirable behaviour
top 3 ‘most urgent’ (dog welfare issues)
1 conformation related disorders (e.g. GSD hips)
2 inappropriate soc.
3 inherited disease
top dog welfare problems
- inherited disease + exaggerated conformation
- production of puppies (puppy farms, illegal importation)
- unrecognised/untreated disease
- inappropriate training and unregulated behaviourists
8 controversial issues
1 raw diet
2 ear cropping
3 BOAS (brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome)
4 obesity
5 homeopathic treatment
6 tail docking
7 veg diets
8 electric shock collars
benefits of castration: 5
- pop control
- prevent testicular cancer
- reduce risk of prostatic (prostate) disease
- control sexually driven behaviours
- reduce dog-dog aggression
term for when 1 or both testicles have not descended?
cryptorchidism
(unilateral - 1)
(bilateral - 2)
castration on an anxious dog - why this may be an issue?
castration can exacerbate anxiety/shyness
why must you wait 3 months post season to spay?
- reduce risk of ongoing hormonal problems
- reduce risk of intra-operative bleeding
benefits of spaying:
- prevents pregnancy
- prevents FALSE pregnancies
- prevents pyometra (infection of uterus)
- prevent ovarian cancer
- reduce risk of mammary problems (e.g. tumours)
- no more seasons (being in heat)
what does it mean if an action is:
- rewarding
- aversive
(in terms of behaviour control/management)
- reinforces behaviour
- decreases behaviour
