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Y2 Gastrointestinal > Canine anatomy > Flashcards

Canine anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The peripheral nervous system arises from which spinal branches?

A

T13 + L1-L3

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2
Q

Which 3 branches arise from the ventral branch of T13-L3?

A
  • Medial branch
  • Lateral branch
  • Lateral cutaneous branch
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3
Q

The ventral branch of T13-L3 perforates what?

A

Transverse abdominis

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4
Q

Which 3 muscles are supplied by the branches of the ventral branch of T13-L3?

A

Internal abdominal oblique
External abdominal oblique
Transverse abdominis

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5
Q

Describe the key features of the sympathetic NS

A
  • Fight or flight
  • Suspend digestion
  • Long pre and post ganglionics
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6
Q

Describe the key features of the parasympathetic NS

A
  • Rest and digest
  • Homeostasis
  • Promotes digestion
  • Short post-ganglionics
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7
Q

What is the major nerve of the sympathetic system?

What is the minor nerve?

A

Major splanchnic nerve

Minor splanchnic nerve

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8
Q

Where do they pre-ganglionics of the major/minor splanchnic nerves synapse? Where do the post ganglionics run to?

A

In caeliaco-mesenteric ganglia

Post-ganglionics travel with arteries to abdominal organs

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9
Q

Where do the different splanchnic nerves of the sympathetic NS arise?

A

Sympathetic trunk

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10
Q

Where do they pre-ganglionics of the Lumbar splanchnic nerves synapse? Where do the post ganglionics run to?

A
  • Synapse in the caudal mesenteric ganglion

- Post ganglioics travel in hypogastric nerves to pelvic organs

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11
Q

What are the 2 main nerves of the parasympathetic NS?

A

Vagus

Pelvic

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12
Q

Which structures are supplied by the vagus nerve?

A
  • Trachea and oesophagus
  • Lungs
  • Heart and aorta
  • GI tract as far as the end of the transverse colon
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13
Q

The dorsal vagal trunk supplies…?

A

The visceral surface of the stomach/pylorus

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14
Q

The ventral vagal trunk supplies…?

A

Parietal surface of stomach/pylorus/liver

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15
Q

From which spinal branches does the pelvic nerve arise?

A

S1-S3

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16
Q

The pelvic nerve supplies which structures?

A

Descending colon and pelvic viscera

17
Q

Which arteries supply the following areas of the abdominal wall:

  • cranio-dorso-lateral
  • caudo-dorsal-lateral
  • cranio-ventral lateral
A
  • Cranial abdominal
  • Deep external iliac
  • Cranial epigastric
18
Q

What is the importance of the cranial superficial epigastric artery?

A
  • Supplies the cranio-ventral abdominal wall

- Also supplies the mammary gland in tissues

19
Q

What are the 3 major branches off the aorta, what does each supply?

A

Caeliac = cranial abdominal organs
Cranial mesenteric = mid-abdominal organs
Caudal mesenteric = caudal abdominal organs

20
Q

Which 3 arteries arise from the Caeliac artery?

A
  • Hepatic artery
  • Left gastric artery
  • Splenic artery
21
Q

Which 3 arteries arise from the Hepatic artery?

A
  • Hepatic branches supplying the liver and gall bladder
  • Right gastric artery
  • Gastro-duodenal artery
22
Q

Describe the 4 arteries that innervate the stomach

A
  • Right and left gastric arteries supply the right and left lesser curvatures
  • Right and left gastro-epiploic arteries supplies the right and left greater curvatures
23
Q

What the the 3 main branches of the Cranial mesenteric artery?

A
  • Ileo-colic artery
  • Caudal pancreatico-duodenal artery
  • Jejunal arteries
24
Q

Give the branches of the ileo-colic which supply the following:

  • Transverse colon
  • Right colic flexure
  • Ascending colon
  • Caecum
  • Ileum
A
  • Middle colic artery
  • Right colic artery
  • Colic branch of ileo-colic artery
  • Caecal branch of ileo-colic
  • Mesenteric ileal artery
25
Q

What are the 2 branches of the caudal mesenteric artery and what does each supply?

A
  • Left colic artery supplying the left colic flexure and descending colon
  • Cranial rectal artery supplying the cranial rectum
26
Q

What is an anastomoses?

A

Safety mechanism (if an artery gets occluded the organ will be able to receive blood via a different route)

27
Q

All GI organs and the spleen drain via which vein?

A

Hepatic portal vein

28
Q

Non-GI organs drain where?

A

Directly into the caudal vena cava

29
Q

Which main branch off the aorta does not have a corresponding vein?

A

Celiac

30
Q

Describe how a ruminants stomach is supplied by the different arteries?

A
  • Rumino-reticulum / greater curvature of abomasum = Left / right gastro-epiploic
  • Omasum / lesser curvature of abomasum
    = Left / right gastric
31
Q

Which arteries supply the large caecum in horses and pigs?

A

Medial and lateral caecal arteries

32
Q

Where does the colic branch of the ileo colic artery supply in:

  • horses
  • pigs/ruminants
A
  • Ventral colon

- Centripetal coils

33
Q

Where does the right colic artery supply in:

  • horses
  • pigs/ruminants
A
  • dorsal colon

- centrifugal coils

Y2 Gastrointestinal (4 decks)

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