Candidosis Flashcards
what are the risk factors for developing candidiasis
immuno compromised
immunosuppressive drugs
advanced HIV infection
dialysis
diabetes
trauma patient
long term corticosteroid use
what are the 4 types of candia infection
pseudomembranous
erythematous
chronic hyperplastic candida leukoplakia
angular cheilitis
what is pseudomembranous candida
thrush
white pronounced plaques on mucosal surface
how do you remove pseudomembranous candida
scrape off
what is chronic hyperplastic candida leukoplakia
grows into the tissue and more sinister
how do you treat chronic hyperplastic candida leukoplakia
it needs to be tested for malignancy so biopsy and then long course of antifungals
what is angular cheilitis caused by
candida
can also be staph aureus
how is angular cheilitis treated
miconazole
what is a common erythematous candida
denture stomatitis
how does denture stomatitis occur
candida living in cracks of denture causing inflammation in mucosa as it is not removed from denture surface by cleaning
what are the signs and symptoms of denture stomatitis
inflamed mucosa
burning sensation
discomfort
bad taste
patient unaware
what are the 2 key candida
candida albicans
candida glabrata
what is the problem with candida glabrata
it is not sensitive to the azoles so needs nystatin to treat it
what type of candida can get treated by miconazole and fluconazole
candida albicans
what is morphogenesis
candida albicans can form hypha which pushes through tight junctions and goes into the blood stream when stressed
how does the yeast adhere and infect the mucosa
attaches to denture surface
forms germ tubes in short period
produces extracellular matrix
produces hydrolytic enzymes
facilitates adhesion to tissue
what is a hydrolytic enzyme
enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of a substrate through the addition of water
how is candida related to oral cancer
acetaldehyde drives DNA damage and it is present in yeast
how would you take a sample of pseudomembranous candida
scan put straight onto a slide as you can scrape it off
oral rinse
swab
what type of agar is different colours so you can tell which candida you have
chromogenic agar
what do azoles do to candida
inhibits ability to be synthesised
what is chlorhexidine used as
antiseptic as it is antibacterial and anticandidal
how is candida glabrata resistant to azoles
it has azole resistant pumps which pushes the azole back out
what is the dual resistance mechanism
candida lives alongside staph aureus which coats itself in candida polymers so candida becomes resistant to miconazole
