Candidiasis (thrush)

Question 1

Candidiasis or thrush is a vaginal infection with a yeast of the Candida family - what is the commonest?

Answer 1

Candida albicans

Question 2

Name 2 risk factors for developing thrush

Answer 2

• Increased oestrogen (higher in pregnancy, lower pre-puberty and post-menopause)
• Poorly controlled diabetes
• Immunosuppression
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics

Question 3

How does candidiasis present?

Answer 3

• Thick, white discharge that does not typically smell
• Vulval and vaginal itching, irritation or discomfort

Question 4

1) Testing the vaginal pH can be useful in differentiating thrush and what condition?
2) What can be done to confirm the diagnosis of thrush?

Answer 4

1) Bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas where the pH >4.5
2) Charcoal swab with microscopy

Question 5

1) Treatment of thrush can be with an antifungal cream or pessary - what antifungal is used?
2) Thrush can also be treated with oral antifungal tablets - what antifungal is used?

Answer 5

1) Clotrimazole
2) Fluconazole