Candidiasis

Question 1

Define candidiasis

Answer 1

Infection by fungal genus candida, mainly C Albicans

can be genital or oral

Question 2

aetiology and risk factor of Candidiasis

Answer 2

vaginas and penis are loved by candida-especially vagina when oestrogen causes hyper secretion
T2DM and sugar in urine doesn’t help
Iron deficiency

for oral, candida often present but not Sx
SX often results from oral steroids-reducing immunity there

Risk factors
Vaginal-Female of reproductive age,
pregnant
Contraceptive pill
T2DM
aneamia

Oral-steroids usage
COPD, asthma

Question 3

Epidiemology of candidiasis

Answer 3

Oral-present in nearly 70% of adults, but rarely symptomatic

vaginal-super common 20% of women have it with or without Sx

Question 4

Signs and Sx of candidiasis

Answer 4

Oral-most common asymptote
Creamy white/yellow plaques on top of tongue
angular cheilitis (cracks in corner of mouth)
With immunodef-red spots, red ulcers, loss of papa, burning tongue

vaginal-
Itching/soreness and burning in vagina/vulva
Stinging when passing urine
Vulval oedema, fissure and excoriation

DENSE white/yellow curd/cottage cheese discharge
rash outside of vagina
if reccurent (4x a year)-cyclic vulvovaginalis)

Question 5

Investigations of candidiasis

Answer 5

Oral-Superficial smear of lesions for microscopy-positive for Candida

vaginal-
pH tends to be normal
Microscopy-take a vaginal swab-positive
care cause can get false positive