Cancer Theraputic Options Flashcards
What are the two main types of therapeutic option for cancer?
- prevention
- treatment
What are the different types of prevention therapeutic options?
- diet
- screening
- genetics
- medication
How is medication used in preventative therapeutic options of cancer?
Chemoprevention:
- primary (oesophageal/breast)
- secondary (previous H&N and lung)
What are the different types of treatment for cancer?
- local therapy
- systemic therapy
What are examples of local cancer therapy?
- surgery
- radiotherapy
What are examples of systemic cancer therapy?
- immunotherapy
- chemotherapy
- hormonal therapy
What are the 5 R’s of radiography?
Radiosensitivity Repair Re-population Re-oxygenation Re-assortment
What is radiosensitivity?
How sensitive the cancer is to treatment
What is repair?
How well the cancer repairs itself (not used clinically due to HR issues)
What is re-population?
Does the cancer grow during treatment?
What is re-oxygenation?
A tumour with high penetration by oxygen responds more effectively to treatment
What is re-assortment?
Which part of the cell cycle is treatment carried out during?
Resting (G1) = not sensitive
Mitosis (M) = vary sensitive
What is adjuvant chemotherapy?
- to improve statistical survival of the entire population
- following surgery
What is neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
- to improve survival and reduce morbidity
- before surgery to allow its possibility
What are the main methods of immunotherapy?
- monoclonal antibodies
- programmed cell death pathway (PD-1)
- chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells
