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Pharmacoogy > Cancer Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Cancer Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

States that anticancer drugs kill a fixed proportion of a tumor cell population, not a fixed number of tumor cells

A

Log-kill hypothesis

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2
Q

Bleomycin act on what phase of cell cycle

A

G2

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3
Q

Synthesis of cellular components of mitosis is seen in what phase of cell cycle

A

G2

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4
Q

Synthesis of cellular components needed for DNA synthesis is seen in what phase of cell cycle

A

G1

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5
Q

Vinblastine, vincristine, paclitaxel acts on what phase of cell cycle?

A

M phase

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6
Q

Drugs given to alleviate toxic effects of anticancer drugs

A

Rescue therapy

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7
Q

Rescue therapy for methotrexate

A

Leucovorin (folinic acid)

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8
Q

Rescue therapy for cyclophosphamide

A

Mesna

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9
Q

Rescue therapy for doxorubicin

A

Desrazoxane

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10
Q

Rescue therapy for cisplatin

A

Amifostin

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11
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis is an ADR of

A

Cyclophosphamide

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12
Q

Alkylating agents acts on what phase of cell cycle?

A

G0

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13
Q

Platinum based alkylating agent used in colon cancer

A

Oxaliplatin

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14
Q

3 common ADRs of Cisplatin, Carboplatin and Oxaliplatin

A

Nephrotoxicity
Peripheral neuritis
Acoustic nerve damage

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15
Q

To decrease the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin, it should be administered with

A

Mannitol with forced hydration

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16
Q

2 alkylating drugs that forms hydrogen peroxide which generates free radicals that cause DNA strand scission

A

Procarbazine

Dacarbazine

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17
Q

Busulfan is used in treatment of

A

CML

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18
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis, adrenal insufficiency and skin pigmentation are ADRs of

A

Busulfan

Spares the bone marrow

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19
Q

Alkylating agents that are highly lipophilic allowing ease passage through BBB to the CNS causing toxicity

A

Nitrosourea (carmustine and lomustine)

20
Q

Carmustine and lomustine are

A

Nitrosoureas

21
Q

Methotrexate acts on what phase of cell cycle

A

S

22
Q

Methotrexate inhibits what enzyme

A

Dihydrofolate reductase

23
Q

5-FU inhibits what enzyme

A

Thymidylate synthase

24
Q

Cytarabine is a pyrimidine antimetabolite that inhibits what enzyme

A

Ribonucleutide reductase

With reduced formation of dNTPs

Same MOA with gemcitabine

25
Q

Anticancer that is most specific for the S phase of the cell cycle

A

Cytarabine

26
Q

Precents microtubule assembly hence causing arrest at metaphase

A

Vinca alkaloids

27
Q

Areflexia, peripheral neuritis and paralytic ileus are ADRs of

A

Vincristine

28
Q

Vinca alkaloid that causes myelosuppression

A

Vinblastine

29
Q

Etoposide and teniposide (podophyllotoxin) inhibits what enzyme

A

DNA topoisomerase II (gyrase)

30
Q

2 camptothecin drugs

A

Irinotecan and topotecan

31
Q

Irinotecan is used in what cancer

A

Metastatic colorectal cancer

Topotecan: advanced ovarian CA, and Small cell lung CA

32
Q

Interferes mitotic spindle and prevents microtubule disassembly into tubulin monomers

A

Taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel)

33
Q

Taxanes are used in what cancers

A

Advance breast and ovarian CA

34
Q

Inhibits topoisomerase I

A

Camptothecin

35
Q

6 drugs that causes pulmonary fibrosis

A

BBBAN Me

Busulfan
Bleomycin
Bromocriptine
Amiodarone
Nitrofurantoin
Methotrexate
36
Q

Imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib are

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

37
Q

Imatinib and other Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used in what 2 malignancy

A

CML

GIST

38
Q

Inhibits binding of VEGF to VEGFR leading to inhibition of VEGF signaling

A

Bevacizumab

Inhibits neovascularization

39
Q

Rituximab is used in what malignancy

A

NHL (low grade)

40
Q

Endogenous glycoproteins with antineoplastic, immunosuppressive and antivaral actions

A

Interferon-alpha

41
Q

Asparaginase is used in the treatment of what malignancy

A

ALL

42
Q

Allows DNA transcription and differentiatuon of immature leukemic promyelocytes into mature granulocytes

A

All-trans retinoic acid

Used in acute promyelocytic leukemia

43
Q

Only vitamin that can cure cancer

A

Vitamin A (all-trans retinoic acid)

44
Q

Flutamide, bicalutamire and nilutamide are

A

Androgen antagonists

Used for treatment of prostate cancer

45
Q

Androgen antagonist used for treatment of surgical castration

A

Nilutamide

46
Q

Drug that must be administered with the androgen antagonists (flutamide) to prevent acute flare-up umof prostate cancer

A

GnRH analogs (leuprolide)

47
Q

Leuprolide, gonadorelin and nafareli are

A

GnRH analogs

Pharmacoogy (4 decks)

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