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IDT Winter Term Cancer Chemotherapy Subclasses > Cancer Chemo Drug Subclasses > Flashcards

Cancer Chemo Drug Subclasses Flashcards

1
Q

What is the subclass of cyclophosphamide?

A

Alkylating agent

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2
Q

What is the subclass of methotrexate?

A

Antimetabolite

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3
Q

What is the subclass of vincristine?

A

Vinca alkaloids

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4
Q

What is the subclass of etoposide?

A

Podophyllotoxins

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5
Q

What is the subclass of 6-mercaptopurine?

A

Antimetabolite

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6
Q

What is the subclass of Topotecan?

A

Camptothecins

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7
Q

What is the subclass of Doxorubicin?

A

Anthracyclines

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8
Q

What is the subclass of 5-Fluorouracil?

A

Antimetabolite

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9
Q

What is the subclass of Paclitaxel?

A

Taxanes

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10
Q

What is the subclass of imatinib?

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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11
Q

What is the subclass of trastuzumab?

A

Growth factor receptor inhibitors

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12
Q

What is the subclass of Bevacizumab?

A

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor

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13
Q

What is the subclass of bortezomib?

A

Proteasome inhibitor

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14
Q

What is the MOA of cyclophosphamide?

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis and function by forming DNA cross-links. Alkylating agent.

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15
Q

What are the clinical applications of cyclophosphamide?

A

Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-hodgkins lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and neuroblastoma

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16
Q

What are the acute toxicities of cyclophosphamide?

A

Nausea and vomiting

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17
Q

What are the chronic toxicities of cyclophosphamide?

A

Myelosuppression, alopecia, hemorrhagic cystitis

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18
Q

What are some major alkylating agents?

A

mechlorethamine, procarbazine, carmustine, lomustine, dacarbazine, and cyclophosphamide

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19
Q

What are the three platinum analogs?

A

ciplatin
carboplatin
oxaliplatin

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20
Q

Which platinum analog causes gastrointestinal distress and mild hematotoxicity and is neurotoxic and nephrotoxic?

A

Ciplatin

Neurotoxicity is in the form of peripheral neuropathy and acoustic nerve damage.

Can reduce nephrotoxicity with mannitol and forced hydration.

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21
Q

Which platinum analog is less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic, but is more likely to cause myelosuppression?

A

Carboplatin

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22
Q

Which platinum analog has dose-limiting neurotoxicity?

A

Oxaliplatin

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23
Q

MOA: which drug inhibits DHFR?

A

Methotrexate.

inhibits DHFR, which inhibits synthesis of thymidylate, purine nucleotides, serine, and methionine

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24
Q

Which drug inhibits thymidylate synthase?

A

5-Fluorouracil

25
Q

Which drug inhibits de novo purine synthesis?

A

6-mercaptopurine

26
Q

Which drug’s metabolites are incorporated into the RNA and DNA to inhibit DNA synthesis and RNA processing?

A

5-Fluorouracil

27
Q

What antimetabolite is used for acute myelogenous leukemia?

A

6-mercaptopurine

28
Q

Which antimetabolite is used for Gi cancers, breast cancer, neck and head cancer, and hepatocellular cancer?

A

5-fluorouracil

29
Q

Which antimetabolite is used for breast cancer, head and neck cancer, primary CNS lymphoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, bladder cancer and choriocarcinoma?

A

Methotrexate

30
Q

What drug has acute toxicities of mucositis and diarrhea, and chronic toxicities of myelosuppression?

A

Methotrexate

31
Q

What drug has acute toxicities of nausea and vomiting, and chronic toxicities of myelosuppression, immunosuppression, and hepatotoxicity?

A

6-mercaptopurine

32
Q

What drug has acute toxicities of nausea, mucositis, and diarrhea and chronic toxicities of myelosuppression and neurotoxicity?

A

5-fluorouracil

33
Q

What are some examples of antimetabolites?

A

cytarabine, gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, and methotrexate

34
Q

What drug interferes with microtubule assembly, resulting in impaired mitosis?

A

Vincristine

35
Q

What drug inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA damage?

A

Etoposide

36
Q

Which drug inhibits topoisomerase I, resulting in DNA damage?

A

Topotecan

37
Q

Which drug is used for acute lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma, Wilms’ tumor, and neuroblastoma?

A

Vincristine

38
Q

Which drug is used for lung cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and gastric cancer?

A

Etoposide

39
Q

What are the acute and chronic toxicities of vincristine?

A

No acute, but chronic include neurotoxicity with peripheral neuropathy, paralytic ileum, myelosuppression, alopecia, and inappropriate ADH secretion.

40
Q

What are the acute and long-term effects of etoposide?

A

Acute are nausea and vomiting, while alopecia and myelosuppression are longterm effects

41
Q

What are the acute and chronic toxicities of topotecan?

A

Acute are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, while myelosuppression is longterm.

42
Q

What drug interferes with the microtubule disassembly to impair mitosis?

A

Paclitaxel

43
Q

What drug’s MOA includes oxygen free radicals binding to DNA to cause strand breakage, topoisomerase II inhibition, and is intercalated into DNA?

A

Doxorubicin

44
Q

Which drug inhibits the binding of EGF to the HER-2/neu growth receptor?

A

Trastuzumab

45
Q

Which drug inhibits the binding of VEGF to its receptor to inhibit the tumor vascularization?

A

Bevacizumab

46
Q

Which drug reversibly inhibits chymotrypsin-like activity of the 26S proteasome?

A

Bortezomib

47
Q

What are the clinical applications of Paclitaxel?

A

Breast, lung, ovarian, gastroesophageal, prostate, bladder, and head and neck cancer

48
Q

What are the clinical applications of Doxorubicin?

A

Lymphomas, myelomas, sarcomas, and breast, lung, ovarian and thyroid cancers

49
Q

What are the clinical applications of Imatinib?

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia, GI stromal tumor

50
Q

What are the clinical applications of Trastuzumab?

A

HER-2/neu receptor-positive breast cancer

51
Q

What are the clinical applications of Bevacizumab?

A

Colorectal, breast, non-small cell lung and renal cancer

52
Q

What are the clinical applications of Bortezomib?

A

Multiple myeloma

53
Q

Which drug inhibits bar-abl tyrosine kinase and other receptor tyrosine kinases?

A

Imatinib

54
Q

What are the acute and longterm toxicities of Paclitaxel?

A

Acute toxicities include nausea, vomiting, hypotension, arrhythmias, and hypersensitivity, while longterm effects are myelosuppression and peripheral sensory neuropathy.

55
Q

What are the acute and longterm toxicities of Doxorubicin?

A

Nausea and arrhythmias are acute, while alopecia, myelosuppression, and cardiomyopathy are longterm.

56
Q

What are the acute and longterm toxicities of Trastuzumab?

A

Nausea, vomiting, chills, fever, and headache are acute, while cardiac dysfunction is longterm.

57
Q

What are the acute and longterm toxicities of Bevacizumab?

A

Hypertension and infusion reactions are acute, while arterial thromboembolic events, gastrointestinal perforation, wound healing complications, and proteinuria are longterm.

58
Q

What are the acute and longterm toxicities of Bortezomib?

A

Hypotension, edema, and GI upset are acute, while peripheral neuropathy and cardiac dysfunction are longterm.

IDT Winter Term Cancer Chemotherapy Subclasses (2 decks)

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