Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two types of oesophageal cancer and what are the differences between them
A
Adenocarcinoma
- Metaplastic columnar epithelium
- Lower 1/3
- Acid reflux
- Common in Developed countries
Squamous cell carcinoma
- Oesophageal squamous epithelium
- Upper 2/3
- Acetaldehyde pathway
- Developing countries
2
Q
What are the investigations for colon cancer
A
Abdominal X-Ray Computer Tomography (CT) Barium enema Colonoscopy CT virtual colonscopy
3
Q
What are the risk factors for colon cancer
A
Family history Uncontrolled uclerative colitis Age Previous Polyps Specific inherited conditions e.g FAP or HNPCC
4
Q
Epidemiology of colon cancer
A
More than 30,000 new cases per year 1 case per GP per year 14% of cancer in men, 12% in women 1 in 25 lifetime risk 1 in 50 risk of dying from CRC
5
Q
Why is pancreatic cancer called a silent killer and what is its survival rate
A
Silent killer - symptoms are not easily detected and so diagnosis is late
1 year survival is 18%
5 year survival rate is 2%
6
Q
What are the symptoms of pancreatic cancer
A
Depression Abdo pain Glucose intolerance Weight loss Jaundice Ascites (accumulation of fluid)
7
Q
What are the risk factors for pancreatic cancer
A
Smoking
Drinking
Obesity
Family History (e.g. multiple endocrine neoplasia)
