Cancer

Question 1

What are the two types of tumours called?

Answer 1

Benign and Malignant.

Question 2

What is a benign tumour?

Answer 2

• Growths of abnormal cells found in one area.
• Usually kept within a membrane.
• Do not invade other parts of the body.

Question 3

What is a malignant tumour?

Answer 3

• Invade neighbouring tissues and move into the bloodstream.
• Classed as cancers.
• Malignant cells spread to other parts of the body to form secondary tumours.

Question 4

What are the 3 types of risk factors associated with cancer?

Answer 4

• Genetic
• Lifestyle
• Environmental

Question 5

Give examples of cancers associated with genetic risk factors.

Answer 5

• Prostate cancer.
• Breast cancer.
• Cancer of the large intestine.

Question 6

Give examples of cancers associated with lifestyle.

Answer 6

Alcohol consumption : liver / mouth cancer.
UV exposure: skin cancer.
Smoking : lung cancer.
Obesity : Bowel / kidney cancer.

Question 7

Explain how certain environmental factors can increase the risk of developing cancer.

Answer 7

Radioactive substances in the environment, such as Radon gas , produce ionising radiation.
This damages the DNA in our cells ; causing uncontrollable growth.