Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
Altered peripheral nerve function
A
- From chemo or tumor in spine
- Loss of peripheral sensation
- Gait changes
2
Q
Bone cancers
A
- Bone fractures
- Hypercalcemia
3
Q
Radiation causes what cardiac conditions
A
- pericarditis
- CAD
- HF
- Valve diseases
4
Q
Brachytherapy
A
capsule of radiation that comes into direct contact
5
Q
Radiation hospitalized patients
A
No pregnant women or kids able to visit
waste is radioactive
6
Q
Portable lead shields go where
A
between door & patient
7
Q
Sealed implant radiation: Interventions
A
- Private bath/room
- Door closed
- Dosimeter
- Never turn back on patient
- No kids under 16 visiting
- No pregnant women
- Each visitor 30 min max visit time
- Dislodged = forceps into lead container
- Equipment can leave the room
8
Q
Acute radiation effects on brain
A
- Ear irritation
- High ICP
- Blurry vision
9
Q
Head & neck acute radiation effects
A
- Thrush
- Cavities
- Dry mouth
- Esophagitis
- Conjunctival edema
- Tearing
10
Q
Acute radiation effects on chest & lungs
A
- Taste change
- Pneumonia
- Cough
- Fibrosis of breast tissue
11
Q
Abdominal acute effects of radiation
A
- Dry vagina
- ED
- Infertile
- Cystitis
12
Q
CNS acute radiation effects
A
- Brain necrosis
- Emotional dysfunction
- Pituitary & hypothalamic dysfunction
- Spinal cord myelopathies
- Hypothyroidism
13
Q
Photosensitivity after radiation
A
- Specific to skin in the path of radiation
- Avoid sun for 1 year after tx
14
Q
Skin protection during radiation
A
- Wash daily
- Use hand, not washcloth
- No sun to affected area
- Avoid heat
15
Q
-tecan
A
Causes significant diarrhea
16
Q
Vincristine
A
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Severe constipation
17
Q
During chemo
A
- Monitor blood return frequently
- Cold/warm compresses to area (not always)
- Oral agents cannot be crushed/chew/split
- If missed dose, omit & take next when scheduled
- Disposal = take to pharmacy
18
Q
SE of chemo
A
- Bladder toxicity
- Heart damage
- Osteoporosis
- Dexrazoxane to protect heart from damage
- Bleeding from low platelets
- Neutropenia
- Mucositis
19
Q
Neutropenic Patients
A
- Clean room/Br daily
- Vitals q4
- Inspect mucous membranes daily
- Encourage activity
- WBC count daily
- No foley
- Bathe daily
- No perishable liquid that’s been out 1+ hr
- No pet cleanup
- Condom use
- Gloves when gardening
20
Q
Thrombocytopenia nursing care
A
- No IM or venipuncture
- Smallest gauge needle
- Ice to trauma areas
- IV q4h bleed assessment
- No enema
- Suppositories must be lubed
- No waterpik
- No objects into nose
- No hot food
- Stool softener to px straining
21
Q
Dexamethasone for chemo nausea
A
- Monitor glucose
- Do not take late in day (affects sleep)
- Na retention
- HTN
22
Q
-prepitant
A
- Use more pregnancy prevention
- Interferes with warfarin
23
Q
Ondansetron
A
- QT prolongation
- ECG monitoring
24
Q
Mucositis
A
- Brush q8 & after meals
- Inspect mouth daily
- No ETOH mouthwash
- 4x day rinse & spit water, NS, saltwater
- Inc fluids
- artificial saliva
25
Chemo peripheral neuropathy
* Inspect feet daily
* Water less than 105 degrees
* High fiber foods
* Inc fluids
* Fall prevention
26
Superior vena cava syndrome
* Mediastinal or chest wall tumors
* Catheter clot can cause it
* Facial edema
* Head fullness
* Engorged vessels
* Dyspnea
* Stridor
* Low CO
* Cyanotic
* HOTN
27
Tumor lysis syndrome
* Large amounts of tumor cells destroyed rapidly
* Causes AKI
* Hyperuricemia
* Hyperkalemia
* Hyperphosphatemia
* Non-hodgkin lymphoma
* Lethargic
* Anorexia
* Flank pain
* Weak
* Seizures
* ALOC
* Inc fluids leading up to tx (3+ L)
* Diuretics
* Allopurinol, febuxostat, rasburicase
* Dialysis
