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CitiTest > Canada's Regions > Flashcards

Canada's Regions Flashcards

Pages 44-51

1
Q

What’s Canada’s ranking in terms of size? What are the oceans around it? What’s Canada’s population? How many regions does it have and what are they called? How many provinces and territories? Mention their capitals.

A

Second largest country (10 million square km)
Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic
34 million people

5 regions:
-Atlantic Provinces (NL, PEI, NS, NB)
-Central Canada (ON/QC)
-The Prairie Provinces (AL, MA, SA)
-The West Coast (BC)
-The Northern Territories (NWT, NU, YU)

10 provinces:
Alberta (Edmonton)
British Columbia (Victoria)
Manitoba (Winnipeg)
Newfoundland and Labrador (Saint John’s)
New Brunswick (Fredericton)
Nova Scotia (Halifax)
Ontario (Toronto)
Quebec (Quebec City)
Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown)
Saskatchewan (Regina)

3 territories:
North Western Territories (Yellowknife)
Nunavut (Iqaluit)
Yukon (Whitehorse)

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2
Q

What’s Canada’s National Capital? Who chose it and when? Where is it located? How is it classified and what’s the extension of the area surrounding it?

A

Ottawa
Queen Victoria, 1857
Ottawa River
4th largest metropolitan area
4700 square km (National Capital Region)

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3
Q

What’s the Rideau Canal?

A

A military waterway turned into winter skateway and tourist attraction in Ottawa

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4
Q

Where is Banff National Park? And Peggy’s Cove harbour?

A

Alberta
Nova Scotia

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5
Q

What are characteristics of the Atlantic provinces?

A

Coasts & natural resources (fishing, farming, forestry, mining)
Atlantic Ocean
Cool winters and cool humid summers

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6
Q

Which province is the most easterly point in North America, with its own timezone?

A

Newfoundland and Labrador

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7
Q

What makes Newfoundland special?

A

Natural beauty, unique heritage linked to the sea, with fisheries and coastal fishing villages
Oldest colony of the British Empire, strategic prize in Canada’s early history

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8
Q

What’s a substantial part of Newfoundland and Labrador’s economy?

A

Off-shore oil and gas extraction
Hydroelectric resources

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9
Q

Which is the smallest province and what is it known for?

A

Prince Edward Island
Beaches, red soil, agriculture (potatoes)

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10
Q

Which province is the birthplace of the Confederation?

A

Prince Edward Island

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11
Q

What is the name of one o f the longest continuous multispan bridges in the world and where is it?

A

Confederation Bridge
Prince Edward Island

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12
Q

What’s the story set in PEI by Lucy Maud Montgomery?

A

Anne of Green Gables

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13
Q

Which is the most populous Atlantic province, known as the gateway to Canada?

A

Nova Scotia

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14
Q

Mention some facts about Nova Scotia

A

World’s highest tides in the Bay of Fundy
Identity linked to shipbuilding, fisheries and shipping
Celtic and Gaelic traditions
700 annual festivals - Military tattoo

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15
Q

What’s the importance of Halifax?

A

Canada’s largest east coast port, deep water and ice free
Role in Atlantic trade and defence
Home to Canada’s largest naval base

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16
Q

What are some economical activities in Nova Scotia?

A

Coal mining, forestry and agriculture
Off-shore oil and gas exploration

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17
Q

Where is New Brunswick situated and who founded it?

A

In the Appalachian Range
United Empire Loyalists

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18
Q

What’s the second largest river system on North America’s Atlantic coastline? In which province is it?

A

St. John River system
New Brunswick

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19
Q

What are the main industries in New Brunswick?

A

Forestry, agriculture, fisheries, mining, food processing and tourism

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20
Q

Which is the largest city, port and manufacturing centre of New Brunswick?

A

Saint John

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21
Q

What’s the principal Francophone Acadian centre? How much of New Brunswick’s population lives and works in French?

A

Moncton
One third

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22
Q

What’s New Brunswick historic capital?

A

Fredericton

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23
Q

Where does New Brunswick’s pioneer Loyalist and French cultural heritage and history come alive?

A

Street festivals and traditional music

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24
Q

Where does more than half the people in Canada live? How is this region known as?

A

In cities and towns near the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River (southern Quebec and Ontario)
Central Canada - The industrial and manufacturing heartland

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25
Q

How much of all the Canadian manufactured goods are produced in Ontario and Quebec?

A

More than three quarters

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26
Q

How many people live in Quebec, and where does the majority live? How many of them are Francophones?

A

Nearly 8 million
Alon or near St. Lawrence River
More than three quarters

27
Q

Which resources have helped Quebec to develop industries like forestry, energy and mining? What’s the main production of Quebec and why?

A

The resources of the Canadian Shield
Pulp, paper and hydro-electricity
Huge fresh water supply

28
Q

What are Quebecers leaders in?

A

Cutting-edge industries (pharmaceutical and aeronautics)
International stature in films, music, literary works and food

29
Q

What is La Francophonie? What is Canada’s second largest city and the second largest mainly French-speaking city in the world (after Paris)? What is this city famous for?

A

An association of French-speaking nations
Montreal
Cultural diversity

30
Q

What’s the population of Ontario, and how much is this compared to Canada’s total population? What are some advantages of this province, contributing to a vital economy?

A

More than 12 million
One third of Canadians
Large and culturally diverse population, natural resources and strategic location

31
Q

What’s the largest city in Canada and the country’s main financial centre?

A

Toronto

32
Q

What are the main economical activities in Ontario?

A

Service/Manufacturing industries
Producing large percentage of Canada’s exports
Vineyards, fruits and crops (Niagara region)
Dairy, beef cattle, poultry, vegetable and grain crops

33
Q

Who founded Ontario? Does it have any French-speaking population?

A

United Empire Loyalists
Yes, it’s the largest Francophone population outside of Quebec, proud history of preserving language and culture

34
Q

Mention the five Great Lakes and which one is the largest freshwater lake

A

Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan (US) and Superior (largest)

35
Q

What are the main resources of the Prairie Provinces? How is the weather in this region?

A

Energy resources and most fertile farmland in the world
Mostly dry, cold winters and hot summers

36
Q

What’s the base of Manitoba’s economy?

A

Agriculture, mining, hydro-electric power generation

37
Q

What’s the most populous city in Manitoba? What’s the most famous street intersection in the Exchange District and in Canada? What’s the name of the French Quarter?

A

Winnipeg
Portage and Main
St. Boniface (Western Canada’s largest francophone community, 45k)

38
Q

What other cultures can be found in Manitoba?

A

Ukranian - 14% origins
Largest Aboriginal population of any province (15%)

39
Q

Which province was known as the “breadbasket of the world” or the “wheat province”? Why?

A

Saskatchewan
40% of arable land in Canada, largest producer of grains and oilseeds

40
Q

What are some resources of Saskatchewan?

A

World’s richest deposits of uranium and potash (fertilizer)
Oil and natural gas

41
Q

Where is the home of the training academy of the RCMP? And which is the largest city in Saskatchewan, also the headquarters of mining industry and important educational, research and tech centre?

A

Regina
Saskatoon

42
Q

Which is the most populous Prairie province? Where did this province and Lake Louise (Rocky Mountains) got their name from?

A

Alberta
Princess Louise Caroline Alberta (4th daughter of Queen Victoria)

43
Q

How many national parks are in Alberta? When was Banff National Park established? Where are some of the richest deposits of prehistoric fossils and dinosaur finds?

A

5
1885
Badlands

44
Q

What’s Alberta’s largest product? How does it impact Canada’s reputation?

A

Oil and gas
Oil sands in the north are major energy source
Agriculture, mostly cattle ranches
Making Canada one of the world’s major beef producers

45
Q

Which province has majestic mountains and is known as Canada’s Pacific gateway? Which is the largest and busiest port of Canada, known as the gateway to Asia-Pacific? What is this province’s climate and why?

A

British Columbia
Vancouver
Temperate climate, because of the warm airstreams from the Pacific Ocean

46
Q

What’s the population of British Columbia, and what’s one of its geographical highlights?

A

Four million
Canada’s westernmost province

47
Q

What are about half of all the goods produced in BC?
What are other economical activities of this province?

A

Forestry products: lumber, newsprint, pulp and paper products (most valuable forestry industry in Canada)
Mining, fishing and fruit orchards and wine industry of Okanagan Valley

48
Q

Which province has the most extensive park system in Canada, and how many provincial parks does it have?

A

BC
600

49
Q

What are the most spoken languages in BC after English?

A

Chinese and Punjabi

50
Q

Where is the headquarters of the navy’s Pacific fleet?

A

Victoria, BC

51
Q

What’s the extension of the Northern Territories compared to their population? What kind of mines and deposits can be found there?

A

One-third of Canada’s land mass
100,000 people
Gold, lead, copper, diamond and zinc mines
Oil and gas deposits

52
Q

How is the North referred to and why? What’s the weather over there?

A

Land of the Midnight Sun
Daylight can last up to 24hrs at the height of summer
In winter, sun disappears, darkness for 3 months
Long cold winters and short cool summers

53
Q

What’s much of the North made o and how does it modify the landscape? How do people earn a living?

A

Tundra, vast rocky Arctic plain
No trees, soil is permanently frozen
Hunting, fishing, trapping, Inuit art

54
Q

Which province was visited by thousands of miners during the Gold Rush of 1890s, celebrated by Robert W. Service’s poetry?

A

Yukon

55
Q

What’s a significant part of Yukon’s economy? Which attractions opened in 1900 from Skagway (Alaska) to Whitehorse, an excursion across precipitous passes and bridges? What’s the coldest temperature ever recorded in Yukon (and in Canada)?

A

Mining
White Pass and Yukon Railway
-63C

56
Q

Which is the highest mountain in Canada and where is it located? In honour of who was it named?

A

Mount Logan
Yukon
Sir William Logan, world famous geologist born in Montreal (1798) to Scottish immigrant parents, founder of Geological Survey of Canada, one of Canada’s greatest scientists.

57
Q

How were the Northwest territories made up and when?

A

From Rupert’s Land and the North Western Territory
1870

58
Q

What’s the population of Yellowknife, and how is it known as? What is the origin of more than half of the population?

A

20,000
Diamond capital of North America
Aboriginal (Dene, Inuit and Metis)

59
Q

What’s the second-largest river system in North America (after the Mississippi) and what’s the extension of the area it drains?

A

Mackenzie River
1.8 million square km

60
Q

What does Nunavut mean in Inuktitut? When was it established and how?

A

Our land
1999
Eastern part of Northwest Territories, including former district of Keewatin

61
Q

What was the old name of Iqaluit and why?

A

Frobisher Bay
After the English explorer Martin Frobisher, explored uncharted Arctic for Queen Elizabeth I in 1576

62
Q

What’s the percentage of Inuit population in Nunavut? What’s the third official language and first language in schools?

A

85%
Inuktitut

63
Q

What is special about Nunavut’s 19-member Legislative Assembly?

A

They choose a Premier and Ministers by consensus

64
Q

Who are the Canadian Rangers?

A

Part of the Canadian Forces Reserves (militia)
Indigenous knowledge and experience, travel by snowmobile in winter and all-terrain vehicles in summer, from Resolute to the Magnetic North Pole, keep the flag flying in Canada’s Arctic

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