Canada Great Depression Flashcards
Canadian New Deal
Bennet’s proposal when the election was coming up and his policies were not working. It was an FDR style New Deal that included an Employment and Social Security act and other reform/restoration acts.
Employment and Social Security Act
The “cornerstone” of the New Deal which offered comprehensive unemployment insurance and allied benefits
Farm credits
Another proposal of the New Deal. It was a federally-supported system to make federal loans to farmers.
Federal By Elections
Mid term elections for vacant seats due to things like the death of a member of Parliament. In 1934, Bennet’s Conservative party lost four out of five federal by-elections.
Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Act
Another proposal of the New Deal. It was added to help 100,000 farmers in south Saskatchewan restore the fertility of their lands after the Dustbowl and drought by helping them use more efficient farming technology and better cultivation methods
Canadian Wheat Marketing Board
Another proposal of the New Deal. It was set up in July 1935 to regulate the sale of wheat to protect farmers hit by the Depression.
Dominion and Industry Trade
Another proposal of the New Deal. In 1934, Bennet set up a commission under his Minister of Trade and Commerce, H.H. Stevens, to investigate mass purchases by big businesses and the difference between the price they offered to producers and that charged to consumers. Because of this, the Dominion and Trade Industry was born.
Bennet Buggies
A name given to Horse-drawn Ford automobiles, demonstrating that the people of Canada blamed Bennet for the Depression.
Bennet Burghs
A name given to shantytowns where transient and unemployed workers lived, further demonstrating that the Canadians blamed Bennet just as the Americans blamed Hoover.
King or Chaos
Mackenzie King’s election slogan for 1935. He won that election, and Bennet lost.
Social Credit Party
A political party supporting the idea of social credit. The idea was first proposed by Major C.H. Douglas in the 1920s: He believed that the Depression was caused by a lack of purchasing power because there was too little money in circulation; therefore he advocated distribution of money in the form of social credit. The idea was supported by agricultural province Alberta. William Alberhart became the Social Credit Party leader. The party won the 1935 election but the courts limited the power of the provincial government, so it failed.
Credit Unions
Financial cooperatives that operate like local banks, providing loans and credit to participants. Part of the Antigonish movement was the advocation of credit unions, which gave people access to credit that banks and finance houses would not offer. By 1939, every Canadian province had a credit union.
League of Social Reconstruction
group of socialists proposing radical reforms and greater political education. LSR. It had close ties with the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation, which advocated the elimination of capitalism. The LSR was founded by FR Underhill, who also helped prepare the statement of CCF principles known as the Regina Manifesto.
Regina Manifesto
The CCF principles. All industries should be nationalized with compensation for owners, welfare measures like hospital treatment and old-age pensions should be provided, and there should be federally organized social planning. The CCF party withered away as prosperity returned.
Union Nationale
Maurice Duplesis united the remnants of the former Quebec Conservative Party to form a new separatist party called the Union Nationale. It advocated legislation to promote small businesses and destroy the power of big businesses, and the regulation of banks and financial institutions. It became more right wing once it won the popular vote in Quebec and tried to ally the clergy against “radical ideas.” It was accused of being fascist and often used corrupt tactics to maintain its support.