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New World > Canada > Flashcards

Canada Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 Provinces has VQA?

A

Ontario

British Columbia

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2
Q

What are the VQA laws in British Columbia?

A

VQA - Province - 100% of grapes from the province
VQA -BC Appellation - 95% of grapes from appellation
VQA- Vintage Date / Varietal - 85% of grapes

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3
Q

What is a DVA?

A

Designated Viticultural Area

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4
Q

What are BC’s 5 DVA’s

A 
Vancouver Island
Fraser Valley
Similkameen Valley
Gulf Islands
Okanagan Valley
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5
Q

Describe the Gulf Islands

A

Islands (Salt Spring, Pender, Saturna, Quadra, Bowen
New AVA - first winery in 1995
Climate - mild, extremely arid in summer
Grapes: Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Ortega, Marechal Foch

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6
Q

Describe Vancouver Island

A

1920 - wine industry began producing loganberry wine
1970 - 1st commercial winery
1983-1990 - Duncan Project determine vinifera (Pinot Gris, Auxeriois and Ortega) as preferred grapes

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7
Q

Describe Fraser Valley

A 
1991 Domaine de Chaberton
Short Growing Season
Rich delta soil
Early Ripeners
Pinot Noir and Hybrids
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8
Q

Describe Simikameen Valley

A

Near US Border
Cooler winter
Reflective rocks; high mountains both sides of the valley
Arid, windy, overhead irrigation
Grapes: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Chardonnay

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9
Q

What Mountains and Desert impact the Okanagan Valley

A

Coastal and Monashee Mountains

Sonora Desert

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10
Q

Describe the Climate of the Okanagan

A

Hot Summer
Long day light hours
Cold Winter
Low rain fall

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11
Q

What are the Sub-Regions of the Okanagan Valley

A 
Kelowna
Naramata
Okanagan Falls
Golden Mine 
Black Sage / Osoyoos
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12
Q

Who establishes the first winery in the Okanagan?

A

1859 - Father Charles Pandosy mission near Kelowna

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13
Q

What year did BC adopt the VQA program?

A

1990

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14
Q

What are the primary grapes of BC

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinot Gris
Merlot

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15
Q

Name some key producers of Okanagan

A 
Burrowing Owl
Quails Gate
Mission Hill
Jackson Triggs
Inniskilin
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16
Q

At what Latitude is Ontario’s Wine Region

A

41-44 deg.

In line with Languedoc Rousillion and Chianti Classico and Rioja.

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17
Q

who is Johann Schiller

A

1811 starts Canada’s first commercial vineyard

Considered the Father of Canadian Wine Industry

18
Q

What is Vin Villa

A

The first winery started in 1866 on Pelee Island by 4 Kentucky business men.

19
Q

What happened in 1916

A

Ontario Temperance Act

20
Q

What act replaced the Temperance Act and when?

A

Liquour Control Act

1927

21
Q

Describe the history of Brights Wine

A

1874 - Niagara Falls Wine Company
1911 - renamed Brights Wine Company
1952 - Wine maker Adhemar de Chaunac pulls out 600 acres of labrucsa and palns with vinifera and new hybrids (deChaunac)
1955 - produce the first 100% Chardonnay and a 7% Sparkling wine “Winette” from Labrusca.

22
Q

who is Paul Bosco

A

1978 - Founded Chateau des Charmes
Planted first 100% all vinifera vineyard
1960’s while working for the SAQ - recognized a bottling issue for Brights.

23
Q

What years was the VQA initiated in Ontario

A

1988

24
Q

What milestone occured in Ontario in 1966

A

Ontario Wine Content Act

allow the importation of vinifera grapes and / or wine for blending purposes.

25
Q

What wineries obtained the first license since prohibition?

A

Inniskillin and Podamer Champagne

26
Q

What put Canada on the map for wine?

A

1991

Iniskillin wins the Grand Prix d’Honneur at VINEXPO for their 1989 Vidal Icewine

27
Q

What year was VQA intrenched into law

A

1999

28
Q

Describe the VQA

A 
Appellation System (quality Control)
All wines tasted y Panel to ensure typicity
Varietal - 85% rule
Labeling:
100% - Provincial
Primary Viticulture Areas
Regional Appellations
Sub Appellations
29
Q

What are the 3 Ontario Viticulture Areas

A

Niagara Peninsula
Lake Erie Shore
Prince Edward Country

30
Q

What are the rules of VQA Ontario

A

100% Ontario Grapes
VQA Approved Varieties
Grapes can be grown outside primary area or a blend of areas
Any Vinifera Grape Variety
Any Grape Hybrids (i.e. Videa, Baco Noir)
Blend of Vinifera and Hybrids
Wine is entirely fermented, blended, finished and bottled in Ontario

31
Q

Describe Niagara Peninsula

A

Great lakes provide warm harvest conditions and minimal vine damage
Escarpment which acts as buffer
NOTL - soil is clay with some sandy patches
Bench is clad, sandstone and dolomite
80% of Ontario Production

32
Q

Describe Lake Erie North Shore

A 
Includes Pelee Island
Lake Erie
Gentle slopes in all directions
Warm Summers, Cold wineters
Soil is sand, gravel and limestone
Grapes:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Merlot and Chardonnay
33
Q

Describe Prince Edward County

A

Slight cooler than Niagara
Extremely cold in winter - bury grapes
Limestone soil
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir by far the best

34
Q

What are the Regional Appellations of the Niagara Peninsula? Rules

A 
Niagara on the Lake
Niagara Escarpment
85% from region
Used for blending across sub-regions
balance of grapes from Niagara Peninsula
35
Q

What are the 3 sub-appellations of the Niagara Escarpment

A

Beamsville Bench
Twenty Mile Bench
Short Hills Bench

36
Q

What are the 4 Sub-appellations of the Niagara on the Lake Region

A

Niagara River
Niagara Lakeshore
Four Mile Creek
St. Davids Bench

37
Q

What other Niagara Subregions exist

A

Lincoln Lakeshore
Creek shore
Vinemount Ridge

38
Q

What are the two common trellis systems used in Ontario

A

Guyot

Pendelbogen

39
Q

Describe Quebec

A

30 Wineries
Mainly non vinifera
Mesoclimate - Lake Champlain, St Lawrence; Laurentians and Appalachians
Apple Ice Wine

40
Q

Describe Nova Scotia Wine

A

14 Wineries, 26 growers
45 de N. - in line with Champagne
Chardonnay and Pinot -great sparkling

41
Q

What are the Nova Scotia Wine Standards

A 
2005
Provincials - 85% grapes
Vineyard - 85% grapes
Estate Bottled - 85% grapes
Chaptilization allowed
Wines of Nova Scotia logo certifies 100% grown

New World (6 decks)

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