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California Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 large AVA’s in California

A

North Coast
Central Coast
South Coast
Sierra Foothills

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2
Q

What is Meritage?

A

Red or White wine produced from the “noble” Bordeaux grape varieities.

Created in the late 1980’s; based on the word “merit” - reflecting the quality of grapes, and “heritage” the century old method of blending grapes.

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3
Q

What grapes was originally considered to be an American grape, but is really a Croatian grape?

A

Zinfandel

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4
Q

How many AVA’s are within Napa Valley AVA

A

16

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5
Q

What are the AVA’s of Napa Valley?

A 
Calistoga
Diamond Mountain District
Chilies Valley District
Spring Mountain District
Howell Mountain
St. Helena
Rutherford
Oakville
Yountville
Mount Veeder
Stages Leap
Atlas Peak
Oak Knoll District of Napa Valley
Los Caneros
Coombsville
Wild Horse Valley
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6
Q

What California AVA is known for its sparkling wine.

A

Caneros

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7
Q

What two key grapes are growning in Northern AVA’s of Napa Valley

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

Zinfandel

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8
Q

Describe the soil structure in Napa Valley

A

diverse, volcanic, alluvial and maritime

ranging from well drained gravel loam, to dense clays, to thin rocky soils of the hill sides

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9
Q

Describe the profile of a Cabernet from Napa Valley Hillside vineyards

A

dense, dark fruit, and concentration

good acidity with intense ripeness

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10
Q

Describe a Cabernet Sauvignon from Napa Valley floor

A

More elegant and supply style with less intensity of colour

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11
Q

Describe a Napa Valley Chardonnay

A

Opulent, weighty, buttery and oak driven.

Newer styles are lighter with some producers forgoing malolactic fermentation and barrel fermentation.

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12
Q

What red grapes are grown in the Napa Valley

A 
Cabernet Sauvignon
Zinfandel
Merlot
Petit Verdot
Cabernet Franc
Petit Syrah
Syrah
Sangiovese
Pinot Noir
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13
Q

What are the white grapes of Napa Valley

A

Chardonnay

Sauvignon Blanc

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14
Q

What are the sub-AVA’s of Sonoma

A 
Alexander Valley
Dry Creek
Rockpile
Bennett Valley
Knights Valley
Chalk Hill
Russian River Valley
Sonoma Valley
Moon Mountain District Sonoma County
Green Valley of Russian River Valley
Sonoma Mountain
Sonoma Coast
Northern Sonoma
Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak
Fort Ross-Seaview
Fountain Grove District
Carneros
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15
Q

What sub-AVA is share with both Napa and Sonoma

A

Carneros

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16
Q

Describe the climate in Carneros

A

Windy, foggy and cooler

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17
Q

Describe the climate in Sonoma Coast AVA

A

Higher altitude, cold ocean air, persistent coastal fog combines to keep the temperatures down.

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18
Q

What grape varieties is Russian River AVA highly regarded for producing

A

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

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19
Q

Goldridge

A

Sandy Loam soil characterized in the Russian River Valley floor.

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20
Q

Name three predominant producers in the Chalk Hill and Green Valley Sub-AVA’s

A

Hirsch
Marcassin
Peay

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21
Q

Name the producers of the Russian River AVA

A

Dehlinger
Joseph Swan
Rochioli
Williams-Selyem

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22
Q

Describe the soil, climate and grape of Alexander Valley and Knight Valley

A

Warmer Climate
Gravel Soil
Ability to ripen Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux Varieties. More herbaceous Cabernet Sauvignon

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23
Q

Dry Creek and Rockpile AVA produce what wine

A

Ripe, powerful Zinfandel, aged in American or French Oak

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24
Q

Name the grapes of Sonoma Valley AVA

A

Zinfandel
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Cabernet Sauvignon

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25
This AVA is famous for it's old vine Zinfandels
Sierra Foothills AVA, | Amador County is famous
26
Sierra Foothills AVA
The most inland portion of California Quality Wine Region High Altitude Plantings Old Vine Zinfandel, Sangiovese and Cabernet Sauvignon
27
What are the Quality AVA's in Central Valley?
Madera Merritt Island Dunnigan Hills Lodi
28
Lodi is known for producing good wines from what grapes?
Zinfandel Petite Sirah Viognier
29
Quady is know for what and where
Fortified Wines from Madera AVA in Central Valley | Example: Essensia, full-bodies sweet wine from Muscate grapes.
30
Quality Producer Bogle is from what AVA
Merritt Island
31
This region produces a log of table grapes and raisins
Central Valley
32
Central Valley is known as
The Land of Bulk Wine | - good value, easy drinking and fruity
33
Gallo has 4 plants in this region
Central Valley
34
Sta Rita Hills AVA - grapes
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir | increasing notariaty for Syrah
35
Describe the Sta Rita Hills AVA
AVA - 2001 premier cool climate AVA East West Orientation 1700 acres of vineyards
36
Describe the Santa Ynez AVA
Santa Barbara County East West then Valley changes orientation to North South Rhone Ranges
37
Santa Ynez Grapes
``` Chardonnay Pinot Noir Sauvignon Blanc Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Syrah ```
38
What is the soil and climate conditions of Santa Maria AVA
Sandy Clay / Loam East West orientation allows cool breezes in from pacific Low rain
39
Santa Maria AVA Grapes
Pinot Noir Chardonnay Syrah
40
How many wineries are in Santa Maria AVA and name 3 famous vineyards?
12 wineries Tepusquet Sierra Madra Bien Nacido
41
Describe the climate of Santa Barbara County
Much cooler and foggier than Napa Cool coastal climate Series of east west valleys
42
What sub-AVA's are in Santa Barbara County
Santa Ynez Valley Santa Maria Valley Sta Rita Hills Happy Canon of Santa Barbara
43
Edna Valley AVA grapes
Chardonnay | Pinot Noir
44
Describe Edna Valley AVA
``` One of the oldest California growing Areas Up and coming major expansion in the last 10 years south of Paso Robles Marine influence - cool climate ```
45
What are the sub-appellations of Paso Robles?
``` Adelaida District Creston District El Pomar District San Miguel District Santa Margarita Ranch Templeton Gap District Paso Robles Estrella District Paso Robles Geneseo District Paso Robles Highlands District Paso Robles Willow Creek District San Juan Creek ```
46
Describe the soil and climate of Paso Robles AVA
A wooded Westside sub-appellation characterized by cooler marine air funnelled through the Templeton Gap, and more prevalent limestone and calcareous soil. East of the Salinas River, the soil structure is sandier and the climate is generally warmer and more arid.
47
Name the 5 sub-AVA's of San Luis Obispo County
``` Edna Valley York Mountain Santa Maria Valley Arroyo Grande Valley Paso Robles ```
48
What are the 4 grape varieties initially used to make wine in the United States?
Scuppernong (Vitis rotundifolia) - Florida / Californias Catawba (Vitis labrusca) - Ohio Concord (Vitis labrusca) - New York Black Mission - California
49
What religious order initiated wine in California?
1783, Franciscans at the San Jan Capistrano Mission | 1823, Franciscans built the San Francisco de Solano Mission - now the Sonoma town square.
50
Father of California Wine
Agoston Haraszthy
51
Describe the impact Agoston Haraszythy had on California and who he was.
Hungarian soldier, then merchant looking for gold He imported 300 different grape varieties from the greatest vineyards in Europe to Sonoma Established Buena Vista Winery Expansion of Northern California Created hillside planting, now irrigations and Redwoods
52
The impact and discovery of phyloxera was were?
East coast of the US, preventing plantings of Vitis vinifera to be successful. It then travelled to europe and finally the west coast of the US
53
Who was Charles Krug
He was an apprentice winemaker for Agoston Haraszthy. He opened Charles Krug at St. Helena in Napa, the oldest commercial winery in Napa He developed the use of the cider press for grape pressing Instrumental in the development of California wine region
54
What winery did Captain Gustave Niebaum develop?
Inglebrook in 1879
55
Who was Charles Valentine Riley
First person to understand the innate resistance of American grapes to phylloxera.
56
What movement crippled the wine industry in the 1920's.
Volstead Prohibition Act, caused by the Temperance Movement | 1920-1933
57
Who is Andre Tchelistcheff and what did he do for American Wine making?
Dean of American Winemakers He mentored: Robert Mondavi, Louis Martini, Joe Heitz, Mike Grgich Hired by George de Latour in 1938 - Beaulieu Vineyards Introduced new techniques: French Barriques, cold fermentation, frost machines, malolatic mastery Created the California - Cabernet Style
58
Frank Shoonamakers was famous for what?
Developing the concept of Varietal Labelling in the US
59
What event in 1976 put California's wine on the World Map?
May 24, 1976 - Paris Tasting Stags Leap Cabernet and Chateau Montelena Chardonnay took first place over Bordeaux 1st and 2nd Growths and Burngundy Grand and Primeire Crus.
60
What is AXR-1
A famous rootstock created by the University of Davis resistant to Phyloxera. In 1980's Phylexora started to attack the AXR-1.
61
What current disease is causing issues in California
Pierce's Disease - in area near water
62
What was the old and new department which looks after the AVAs
Old - Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) | New - Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) (2002)
63
What was the first AVA?
Augusta Missouri - in 1980
64
What is the AVA approval process?
Name must be known (local / national) Distinguishing features from surrounding area Petitioning criteria: boundaries, climate, elevation, elevation, soil, freatures, no property lines, shared growing conditions)
65
Which is the smallest AVA
Cole Ranch AVA Mendocino County, California 26 acres
66
What is the largest AVA?
Ohio River AVA 26,000 sq miles / 76,000 sq km. Covers 4 states.
67
What are the US Estate Bottling Requirements
Bottling winery and vineyards located in the same AVA Winery must own or control the vineyards where grapes are grown Winery crushes, ferments, finishes, ages and bottles wine in a continuous process.
68
A United States Appellation of Origin can be either the name of?
A state or a county (or counties) or an AVA | Note: State or County are not classified as AVA's
69
What are the percentage of grapes in the US Wine Law rules?
If labeled country, state or county - 75% If labeled AVA - 85% If labeled single vineyard - 95% Exceptions: Californa or Oregon - State Level - 100% Washington State 95% Napa AVA - 85%
70
What is the Three-Tier Distribution System?
Producers must sell to the distributer Distributer must sell to the retailer Retailer can sell to the customers Process put in place to avoid tax evasion.
71
What is the purpose of US wholesalers?
Foster competition and variety Prevent large suppliers from monopolizing retail space Prevent larger retailers from dominating suppliers Market and build brands, educate retailers, ensure regulatory compliance Reliable collect and remit state taxes.

New World (6 decks)

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