Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Paeds > CAMHS > Flashcards

CAMHS Flashcards

1
Q

What is anhedonia?

A

Lack of pleasure in activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What key questions need to be asked in a depression history?

A 
Potential triggers (e.g. loss of a family member)
Home environment
Family relationships
Relationship with friends
Sexual relationships
School situations and pressures
Bullying
Drugs and alcohol
History of self harm
Thoughts of self harm or suicide
Family history
Parental depression
Parental drug and alcohol use
History of abuse or neglect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is mild depression/ low mood associated with single negative event managed?

A

Watchful waiting
Advice about healthy habits
Follow up in 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is moderate- severe depression managed?

A

CAMHS referral:
Phsycological therapy
Antidepressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What physchological therapies may be used to help depression?

A

CBT
Non-directive supportive therapy
Interpersonal therapy
Family therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the first line antidepressant and dose in children?

A

Fluoxetine 10mg (max 20mg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the second line antidepressants in children?

A

Sertraline

Citalopram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If a child responds to antidepressants, how long should they continue after remission is achieved?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is used to assess progress when monitoring depression?

A

MFQ (Mood and feelings questionnaire)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is GAD?

A

Generalised anxiety disorder- excessive and disproportional anxiety that impacts a patients daily activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How are children assessed for GAD?

A

GAD-7 anxiety questionnaire

Assess for co-morbid mental health problems and environmental triggers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is mild anxiety managed?

A

Watchful waiting and advice about self-help strategies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is moderate-severe anxiety managed?

A

CAMHS referral
Counselling
CBT
Medical management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the first line medical management of GAD?

A

SSRI (Sertraline)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are obsessions in OCD?

A

Unwanted and uncontrolled thoughts and intrusive images that are very difficult to ignore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are compulsions in OCD?

A

Repetitive actions that the person feels they must do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the OCD cycle?

A

Obsessions lead to anxiety, which leads to compulsive behaviour, which leads to a temporary improvement in the anxiety and the cycle repeats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What other mental health issues is OCD strongly related to?

A 
Anxiety
Depression
Eating disorders
ASD
Phobias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How is mild OCD managed?

A

Education

Self help resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is severe OCD managed?

A

CAMHS referral
Patient/ carer education
CBT
SSRI medications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is aspergers syndrome now known as?

A

Part of the autistic spectrum disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is affected in ASD?

A

Deficit in social interaction, communication and flexible behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

At what age are features of ASD usually observable?

A

Before age of 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What features may be seen in the social interaction aspect of ASD?

A 
Lack of eye contact
Delay in smiling
Avoids physical contact
Unable to read non-verbal cues
Difficulty establishing friendships
No desire to play with others
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What features may be seen in the communication aspect of ASD?

A

Delay, absence or regression in language development
Lack of appropriate non-verbal communication (smiling, eye contact)
Difficulty with imaginative behaviour
Repetitive use of words/ phrases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What features may be seen in the behavioural aspect of ASD?

A

More interested in objects/ numbers/ patterns than people
Stereotypical repetitive movements (hand-flapping, rocking)
Intense interests
Repetitive behaviour
Anxiety/ distress with experiences outside normal routine
Restricted food preferences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How is autism diagnosed?

A

By a specialist in autism using detailed history and assessment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How is autism managed?

A

MDT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is ADHD?

A

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the key features of ADHD?

A 
Very short attention span
Quickly switching between activities and not finishing tasks
Constantly moving/ fidgeting
Impulsive behaviour
Disruptive or rule breaking
31
Q

How is ADHD diagnosed?

A

Detailed assessment by specialist in childhood behavioural problems

32
Q

How is ADHD managed?

A

Healthy diet & exercise
Parental and school education
Medication in severe cases

33
Q

What medication can be used in ADHD?

A

CNS stimulants:
Methylphenidate
Dexamfetamine
Atomoxetine

34
Q

What are the features of anorexia nervosa?

A 
Excessive weight loss
Amenorrhoea
Lanugo hair 
Hypokalaemia
Hypotension
Hypothermia
Changes in mood
Solitude
35
Q

What is lanugo hair?

A

Fine, soft hair across most of the body

36
Q

What are the worst complications of anorexia?

A

Cardiac complications (arrhytmia, cardiac atrophy, sudden cardiac death)

37
Q

What are the key features of bulimia nervosa?

A 
Alkalosis
Hypokalaemia
Erosion of teeth
Swollen salivary glands
Mouth ulcers
GORD
Russell's sign
38
Q

Why do you get alkalosis in bulimia?

A

Due to vomiting hydrochloric acid from the stomach

39
Q

What is Russell’s sign?

A

Calluses on the knuckles where they have been scraped across the teeh

40
Q

What would be the typical presentation of bulimia?

A

Teenage girl with normal body weight that presents with swelling to the face/ jaw, calluses on knuckles and alkalosis on blood gas. Presenting complaint may be abdo pain or reflux

41
Q

How are paediatric eating disorders managed?

A 
Self help resources
Counselling
CBT
May need admission for observed feeding
SSRI medication
42
Q

What causes refeeding syndrome?

A

When people who have been in a severe nutritional deficit for an extended period start to eat again

43
Q

What increases the risk of refeeding syndrome?

A

BMI <20

Longer the period of malnutrition

44
Q

What happens in refeeding syndrome?

A

Metabolism in the cells and organs dramatically slows during prolonged periods of malnutrition. When they start to process foods again, they use up magnesium, potassium and phosphorus

45
Q

What does refeeding syndrome lead to?

A

Hypomagnesaemia
Hypokalaemia
Hypophosphataemia
= Risk of cardiac issues

46
Q

How is refeeding syndrome managed?

A 
Slowly reintroducing food
Magnesium, potassium, phosphate and glucose monitoring 
Fluid balance monitoring
ECG monitoring
Supplementation
47
Q

What causes personality disorders?

A

Combination of genetic and environemental factors

48
Q

How might personality disorders present?

A 
Strong, intense emotions
Emotional instability
Anger
Low self esteem
Impulsive behaviour
Substance abuse
Poor sense of identity
Difficulty maintaining relationships
Risky behaviour
Violence/ aggression
Self harm
49
Q

What are the three main categories of personality disorder?

A

Anxious
Suspicious
Emotional/ impulsive

50
Q

What are the 3 types of anxious personality disorders?

A

Avoidant
Dependent
Obsessive compulsive

51
Q

What is avoidant personality disorder?

A

Severe anxiety about rejection or disapproval and avoidance of social situations or relationships

52
Q

What is dependent personality disorder?

A

Heavy reliance on others to make decisions and take responsibility for their lives

53
Q

What is obsessive compulsive personality disorder?

A

Unrealistic expectations of how things should be done by themselves and others, and catastrophising about what will happen if these expectations are not met

54
Q

What are the 3 types of suspicious personality disorder?

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

55
Q

What is paranoid personality disorder?

A

Difficulty in trusting or revealing personal information to others

56
Q

What is schizoid personality disorder?

A

Lack of interest or desire to form relationships with others

57
Q

What is schizotypal personality disorder?

A

Unusual beliefs, thoughts and behaviours with social anxiety

58
Q

What are the 3 types of emotional/ impulsive personality disorder?

A

Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

59
Q

What is borderline personality disorder?

A

Fluctuating strong emotions and difficulties with identity and maintaining healthy relationships

60
Q

What is histrionic personality disorder?

A

Need to be the centre of attention and have to perform in order to maintain that attention

61
Q

What is narcissistic personality disorder?

A

Feeling that they are special and need others to recognise this or they get upset. Put themselves first

62
Q

How might personality disorders be managed?

A

Patient/ carer education
CBT
Psychotherapy

63
Q

What is Tourette’s syndrome?

A

Severe tics that are persistent for over a year

64
Q

What are premonitory sensations?

A

Strong urge before a tic

65
Q

When do tic’s usually present?

A

Around or after 5

66
Q

What are some examples of simple tics?

A 
Clearing throat
Blinking
Head jerking
Sniffing
Grunting
Eye rolling
67
Q

What are some examples of complex tics?

A

Physical movements (e.g. twirling)
Copropraxia
Coprolalia
Echolalia

68
Q

What is copropraxia?

A

Making obscene gestures

69
Q

What is cophrolalia?

A

Saying obscene words

70
Q

What is echolalia?

A

Repeating other people’s words

71
Q

How are mild-moderate tics managed?

A

Reassurance & monitoring

Reduce triggers and stress

72
Q

How can severe tics be managed?

A

Habit reversal training
Exposure with response prevention
Medications with severe cases
Treat comorbid conditions

73
Q

What conditions are commonly associated with tics?

A

OCD

ADHD

Paeds (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions