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Mental Health > CAMHS > Flashcards

CAMHS Flashcards

1
Q

What standardised tools exist for the assessment and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

A
  1. ADOS-2: Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)
  2. ADI: Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)
  3. DISCO: Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO)
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2
Q

To be diagnosed with ASD, what 2 impairments should be present?

A
  • Impairment in social interaction

- Impairment in communication

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3
Q

What is the prevalence of ASD in boys compared to girls?

A

4:1

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4
Q

What are the 3 components of ASD?

A
  • Social communication
  • Social understanding
  • Social relationships
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5
Q

What scenario is used to very quickly assess someones ASD risk?

A

The Sally Anne test

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6
Q

Which chromosomes have been found to be associated with autism?

A

Chromosomes 2, 4, 7, 13, 15 and 19

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7
Q

How is it thought ASD can be inherited genetically?

A
  • De novo (spontaneous inheritance)

- Hereditary

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8
Q

What is the main obstetric risk factor for ASD?

A
  • Congenital rubella infection (especially in the first trimester)
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9
Q

What has been found on MRI brain in individuals with ASD?

A

Increased brain size - particularly in the occipital, parietal and temporal lobes

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10
Q

When is the onset of ASD?

A

It is a lifelong condition and will always develop before the age of 3, even if it is not diagnosed until later in life.

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11
Q

What are the 3 signs of a good prognosis for patients with ASD?

A
  1. Communicative speech at 6 years old and above
  2. Higher IQ (>50)
  3. Skills that can be used to secure employment
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12
Q

What proportion of patients with ASD will be unable to live an independent life?

A

3/5 (60%)

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13
Q

What are the psychological management options for a patient, and their family, with ASD?

A
  • CBT
  • Behaviour management programmes
  • Applied Behavioural Analysis Program (very intense program, which is 40 hours a week for 3 years)
  • TEACCH
  • Educational psychology
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14
Q

What are the social management options for a patient, and their family, with ASD?

A
  • Carers
  • Respite care
  • Education of peers in school and/or siblings
  • Educational support (higher chance of learning difficulties)
  • Specialised school for patient
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15
Q

What are the pharmacological management options for a patient, and their family, with ASD?

A
  • SSRIs
  • Second generation antipsychotics
  • Melatonin
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16
Q

What are known risk factors for developing ADHD?

A
  • Prematurity
  • Genetics
  • Maternal smoking/illicit drug use in pregnancy
  • Male sex
17
Q

What is the first line medication for treating ADHD?

A

Methylphenidate

Mental Health (7 decks)

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