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Exam II > Call for Indirect Fire > Flashcards

Call for Indirect Fire Flashcards

1
Q

What does the FO use the map for?

A

Determine the location of targets, friendly positions, his own position, & keep oriented during movement.

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2
Q

What is the first step any FO must do?

A

Know his position.

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3
Q

What 2 critical elements must an FO determine?

A
  1. Direction

2. Distance

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4
Q

What measurements can direction be measured in?

A

Degrees or mils

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5
Q

What is a mil?

A

A mil is a unit of angular measurement that is equal to 1/6400 of a circle.

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6
Q

What is the standard unit of measure for direction in CFF?

A

Mils grid

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7
Q

Degrees may be converted to mils by multiplying what number of degrees?

A

17.8

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8
Q

What is the mil relation formula?

A

W = (R/1000) (M)

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9
Q

What is an Observer Target Line (OTL)?

A

An imaginary straight line from the FO through the target.

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10
Q

What is the Observer Target (OT) Direction?

A

The azimuth from the FO to the target.

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11
Q

OT direction is always expressed how?

A

To the nearest 10 mils grid & transmitted with 4-digits.

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12
Q

What ways can you get a direction to the target?

A
  1. Scaling from a map
  2. Lensatic compass
  3. Measuring from a reference point
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13
Q

What is the standard unit of measure for distance?

A

Meters

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14
Q

What is the Observer-Target (OT) Distance?

A

The distance from the FO to the target.

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15
Q

OT Distance is always expressed how?

A

To the nearest 100 meters.

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16
Q

What 2 methods help us determine OT distance?

A
  1. Estimation

2. Map study

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17
Q

What are the 2 methods of communicating target location to the FDC?

A
  1. Polar plot

2. Grid coordinates

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18
Q

What is a polar mission?

A

Where the FO describes the target location in relation to his position.

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19
Q

What are the advantages of polar mission?

A

It is fast & can be done without a map.

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20
Q

What are the disadvantages of polar mission?

A

FO’s position must be first transmitted to the firing unit (POSREP).

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21
Q

What is a grid mission?

A

Where the FO can locate a target using the grid system of the military map (recommended).

22
Q

What does a call for fire consist of?

A

6-elements & 3-transmissions with a break & a read back after each part.

23
Q

What does the first transmission consist of?

A
  1. Observer identification

2. Warning order

24
Q

What does the second transmission consist of?

A
  1. Target location
25
Q

What does the third transmission consist of?

A
  1. Target description
  2. Method of engagement
  3. Method of control & fire
26
Q

Identify the following abbreviations: k;de; i/o; i/a; i/e?

A 
k = over or out
de = this is
i/o = in the open
i/a - in the adjust
i/e = in the effect
27
Q

Observer identification does what?

A

Lets the FDC know who is calling for fire & clears the net for the fire mission.

28
Q

Warning order does what?

A

Gives the type of mission & method of target location.

29
Q

What are the 2 types of missions?

A
  1. Adjust fire

2. Fire for effect

30
Q

What does the method of target location identify?

A

Whether using a polar or grid plot. Must announce if polar; grid is the standard.

31
Q

What does target location do?

A

FO provides the FDC with the target location data that he determined using either the grid, or polar plot method.

32
Q

What must be followed when giving a grid location?

A

6-digit coordination of the target

33
Q

What must be followed when giving a polar plot location?

A

FO announces ‘direction’ followed by 4-digit OT direction in mils (1680), and then announces ‘distance’ followed by the OT distance to the nearest 100 meters.

34
Q

What does target description do?

A

Should provide enough detail to enable the FDC to determine the amount & type of ammo to be used.

35
Q

What must an FO’s description contain?

A
  1. Type of target (troops, supply dump)
  2. Target activity (digging in, assembly area)
  3. Number of elements in target (squad, plt)
  4. Degree of protection ( in open, in fighting holes)
36
Q

What does method of engagement do?

A

It is the element that the FO uses to describe the attack of the target (danger close & ammo).

37
Q

What is the standard type of ammo?

38
Q

What does method control do?

A

Determines when missions are executed (when ready, at my command, time on target).

39
Q

What does the FO do if he needs to make a correction?

A

Announces ‘Correction’.

40
Q

What must a MTO contain at a minimum?

A
  1. Unit to fire
  2. Changes to the call for fire
  3. Number of rounds
  4. Target number
41
Q

What 3 reports will be send by the FDC during a fire mission?

A
  1. Shots
  2. Splash
  3. Rounds complete
42
Q

What is a spotting?

A

A FO’s mental determination of the location of the burst relative to the target.

43
Q

Spottings are made for?

A

Range & deviation

44
Q

What are the 4 possible range spottings?

A
  1. Over: detonates beyond the target
  2. Short: detonates between the FO & target
  3. Range correct: detonates at the same range as target
  4. Range doubtful: detonates too far right/left of OTL that definite spotting can’t be made.
45
Q

What are the 3 possible deviation spottings?

A
  1. On-line: detonates along the OTL.
  2. # of mils left: detonates to the left of the OTL.
  3. # of mils right: detonates to the right of the OTL.
46
Q

How are corrections sent?

A

In meters & reverse order of the spotting.

47
Q

What are the 4 methods of conducting range corrections?

A
  1. Hasty bracketing
  2. On-round adjustment
  3. Creeping fire
  4. Successive bracketing (method used at TBS)
48
Q

What are the range corrections for the following distances: 0-1000m; 1000-2000m; & greater than 2000m?

A

0-1000m = add/drop 100
1000-2000m = add/drop 200
greater than 2000m = add/drop 400

49
Q

What 4-items are included in the end of mission or RREMS?

A

Refinement - sent in increments of 10m & may be less than 30m
Record of target - target to be plotted for future
End of Mission - followed by surveillance & is last transmission
Surveillance - provides casualty &/or damage information

50
Q

How are suppressive fires delivered?

A
  1. Immediate suppression mission: used to fire on a planned target or target of opportunity.
  2. Suppression mission: used to fire on planned target that is not currently active
51
Q

What consists of an immediate suppression mission?

A
  1. One transmission (Observer ID, warning order, target location)
  2. No MTO
  3. No adjustment
  4. No RREMS

Exam II (14 decks)

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