Calf Diseases Flashcards
List 6 other common calf diseases
Umbilical infection/navel ill, septicaemia, septic arthritis/joint ill, meningitis, ruminal drinking, necrotic enteritis
What are the infectious agents involved in navel ill?
E. coli, Staph spp., Proteus, Fusobacterium necrophorum
What are the clinical signs of navel ill?
Hot, swollen, painful umbilicus
+/- pus
+/- lameness
Systemic and urinary signs
How is navel ill treated?
Difficult
Broad spec Ab for 2-3 wks e.g. Ampicillin, Tetracycline
Prevention - iodine dip, colostrum, clean environment
What are the infectious agents involved with joint ill?
E. coli, Strep, Staph, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Salmonella, Fusobacterium
What are the clinical signs of joint ill?
At least 1 joint hot, swollen, painful
Pyrexia
+/- swollen navel (infeciton can bypass)
How is joint ill diagnosed and treated?
Dx - CS, arthrocentesis? radiography?
Tx - 3 wks broad spec antibiotic, NSAID, flush joint (within 24hrs)
What infectious agents are associated with septicaemia?
E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Klebsiella, Staph.
What are the clinical signs of septicaemia?
Radid progression Acidosis, depression (early non-specific) Pyrexi/hypothermia Tachycardia Tachypnoea Shock D+
How is septicaemia diagnosed and treated?
Dx - CS, culture, usually in calves
What are the infectious agents associated with meningitis?
E. coli, Streptococcus (linked to pneumonia and septicaemia)
What are the clinical signs of meningitis?
Depression Neck pain Star gazing Head pressing Opisthotonus Intial pyrexia
How is meningitis treated?
Broad spectrum Ab which crosses the BBB e.g. Penicillin, TMPS, Chloramphenicol, Oxytetracycline
NSAID
What are the clinical signs of necrotic enteritis?
7-10 wks old at grass Pyrexia Acute d+ Dysentery Anaemia Low morbidity, high mortality
List congential diseases of calves
Atresia ani Hypospadia - malformation of urethra Cleft palate Contracted tendons Hydrocephalus Chondrodystrophy - low Zn, high Mn, short long bones VSD Hypotrichosis
