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APEX / SEE Exam - 2023 > Calculations > Flashcards

Calculations Flashcards

1
Q

A-a Gradient

A

PAO2 - PaO2
[Alveolar oxygen pressure - arterial oxygen pressure]

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2
Q

Alveolar Gas Equation

A

PAO2 = FiO2 * (P atmosphere - P water vapor) - [PaCO2 / RQ]

PAO2 = FiO2 * (760 mmHg - 47 mmHg) - [PaCO2 / 0.8]

PAO2 = FiO2 * (713 mmHg) - [PaCO2 / 0.8]

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3
Q

Dynamic Compliance

A

Dynamic Compliance (Cdyn) = Tidal volume / [Peak Pressure - PEEP]

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4
Q

Minute Ventilation

A

MV = RR * TV

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5
Q

Calculation to predict PaO2 by age

A

110 - (age * 0.4)

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6
Q

Reynold’s Number

A

R = [Velocity * Density * Diameter] / Viscosity

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7
Q

Static Compliance

A

Static Compliance (Cstat) = TV / [Plateau Pressure - PEEP]

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8
Q

Transpulmonary Pressure

A

TPP = Alveolar Pressure - Pleural Pressure

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9
Q

Transthoracic Pressure

A

TTP = Pleural Pressure - Atmospheric Pressure

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10
Q

Dead Space to Tidal Volume Ratio
Vd / Vt Ratio

A

Vd / Vt

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11
Q

Cardiac Output

A

CO = HR * SV

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12
Q

Coronary Perfusion Pressure

A

CPP = DBP - LVEDP (or PAOP)

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13
Q

Ejection Fraction

A

EF = [End-Diastolic Volume - End-Systolic Volume] / End-Diastolic Volume

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14
Q

Fick Principle

A

CO = (VO2 / [CaO2 - CvO2]) * 100

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15
Q

Law of LaPlace (Cylinder)

A

Wall Tension (Cylinder) = [Pressure * Radius] / Wall Thickness

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16
Q

Law of LaPlace (Sphere)

A

Wall Tension (Sphere) = [Pressure * Radius] / [2 * Wall Thickness]

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17
Q

Maximum Allowable Blood Loss

A

ABL = EBV * ([starting HgB - target Hgb] / starting Hgb)

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18
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure

A

MAP = [SBP + (2*DBP)] / 3

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19
Q

Oxygen Carrying Capacity
CaO2

A

CaO2 = (Hgb * SaO2 * 1.34) + (PaO2 * 0.003)

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20
Q

Oxygen Delivery
DO2

A

DO2 = (Hgb * SaO2 * 1.34) + (PaO2 * 0.003) * CO * 10

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21
Q

Oxygen Extraction Ratio
ER

A

ER = Oxygen consumption / Oxygen delivery

22
Q

Poiseuille’s Law
Flow

A

Flow = (pi * Radius^4 * deltaP) / (8 * viscosity * length)

23
Q

Pulmonary Vascular Resistance

A

PVR = [(Mean PA Pressure - PAOP) / CO] * 80

PAOP = pulmonary artery occlusion pressure

24
Q

Pulse Pressure

25
Systemic Vascular Resistance
SVR = [(MAP - CVP) / CO] * 80
26
Stroke Volume (2 equations)
SV = (CO * 1000) / HR SV = End-Diastolic Volume - End-Systolic Volume
27
ETT Size for Children (Uncuffed)
uncuffed ETT size = [age / 4] + 4
28
ETT Size for Children (Cuffed)
cuffed ETT size = [age / 4] + 3.5
29
O2 Remaining in Oxygen E-Cylinder 2 Steps
Step 1 Tank Capacity (L) / Full Tank Pressure (psi) = Contents Remaining (L) / Gauge Pressure (psi) 660 L / 1900 psi = contents remaining (L) / gauge pressure (psi) Step 2 Contents Remaining (L) / Flow Rate (L/min) = Minutes Left
30
Fraction of Inspired Oxygen
FiO2 = [(oxygen flow rate * 100) + (air flow rate * 21) / total flow rate]
31
3 Types of Gas Tanks
1. air 2. oxygen 3. nitrous oxide
32
Air Gas Tank volume / pressure / pin
Air Tank volume = 625 L pressure = 1900 psig pin = 1-5
33
Oxygen Gas Tank volume / pressure / pin
Oxygen Tank volume = 660 L pressure = 1900 psig pin = 2-5
34
Nitrous Oxide Gas Tank volume / pressure / pin
Nitrous Oxide Tank volume = 1590 L pressure = 745 psig pin = 3-5
35
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
CPP = MAP - ICP CPP = MAP - CVP (or ICP, whichever is higher)
36
Anion Gap
Anion gap = [Na+] - ([Cl-] + [HCO3-])
37
Plasma Osmolarity
plasma osmolarity = (2 * [Na+]) + (glucose / 18) + (BUN / 2.8)
38
What are the 4 gas laws
1. Boyle's Law 2. Gay Lussac's Law 3. Charles' Law 4. Ideal Gas Law
39
Boyle's Law
P1 * V1 = P2 * V2
40
Gay Lussac's Law
P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
41
Charles' Law
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
42
Ideal Gas Law
pressure * volume = # moles * 0.0821 * temperature PV = nRT pressure in atm * volume in L = # mol * 0.0821 * temp in K
43
Celsius
C = (F - 32) * (5/9)
44
Dalton's Law
P total = P1 + P2 + P3 ...
45
Farenheit
F = (C * 1.8) + 32
46
Henderson - Hasselbalch
pH = pK + log [HCO3- / (0.03 * PaCO2)]
47
Henry's Law
PP = constant * concentration
48
Inverse Square Law
Intensity = 1 / Distance^2
49
Volume of Distribution
Vd = dose in mg / concentration in mg/L Vd = amount of drug in the body / plasma drug concentration
50
Half Life
Half-life = Vd / rate of clearance

APEX / SEE Exam - 2023 (2 decks)

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