Calcium, Dairy consumption and non-dairy sources of calcium Flashcards
calcium RDA (mg) for adults in Canada
1000
calcium RDA (mg) for adults in India
600
calcium RDA (mg) for adults in Japan
650 - females
800 - males
the RDA for calcium is affected by
- body size
- dietary factors
- sun exposure
how much calcium does milk have per cup
300mg
how much calcium can we absorb from milk and milk products
30%
Antinutrients that inhibit calcium absorption
- Lectins
- Oxalic acid
- phytic acid
Antinutrients are more of concern in
developing nations where whole grain cereals and legumes are a large part of the diet
Anti nutrients can be removed or deactivated by
soaking, sprouting or boiling the food (inactivates lectin)
China’s milk consumption increased by ____ between 2011 and 2021
30%
Why is there increased demand for dairy in China?
- increased income
- gov’t promotion
- diets changing from grains and vegetables to meat, dairy, fats and sugars (rural to urban)
- marketing
replacing 5% of energy intake from dairy fat with polyunsaturated fatty acids or vegetable fat was associated with
24% and 10% lower risk of CVD respectively
Non-dairy sources of highly bioavailable calcium
Bannock, Firm tofu, Corn tortillas (home prepared, lime treated), canned salmon w edible bones
Bannock is
a quick, biscuit-like bread
How many mg of calcium is in a serving of bannock
400 mg (coming from baking powder)
Baking powder is made up of
an acid salt (monocalcium phosphate) and a base (sodium bicarbonate)
how much calcium is in a tablespoon of baking powder?
~800 mg
what is the coagulant that tofu is commonly made with
calcium sulfate
100g or raw tofu has how much calcium?
350 mg
what is nixtamalization?
an ancient traditional method of cooking corn used in mexico and central america
how does nixtamalization work?
maize (corn) is soaked in an alkaline lime-water solution (calcium hydroxide)
nixtamalized corn can be prepared as
a hominy or a dough called masa that gets shaped into tortillas or other foods
The amount of calcium absorbed with lime treated home prepared corn flour is _____ times higher than amount of calcium absorbed with untreated corn flour
25 times
