calcium

Question 1

hydroxyapatite

Answer 1

form ca is stored in the bone

Question 2

hypo-ca casue

Answer 2

low albumin
hypo-paratryriod
kidney disease- phosphate doesnt get excreated so  ca is low bc it has a receiprol relationship with ca
sepsis
burns
ostoblast cancer
hyper- mg

Question 3

hypo- ca manifestations

Answer 3

HAS DIFFERENT REACTION FOR THE HEART VS THE SKELETAL MUSCLES
hypo- ca causes muscle cramps, hyperactive nerves, hyperactive bowl, CHOVOSTEK AND TROUSSEAU signs
THINK HYPO CA causes increased neuromuscular excitabilty

Question 4

what happens to skeletal muscle with hypo-ca

Answer 4

it spasms bc of increased irritability of nerves associated with nerve fibers. this happens bc for skeletal muscle ca is stores in them for future use so even if we dont have enough circulating these muscles can still contract

Question 5

cardiac muscle and hypo- ca

Answer 5

weak contraction or no contraction. unlike skeletal muscles the heart uses circulating ca to contract so if hypo no enough heart cant contract

Question 6

hyper ca causes

Answer 6

hyper-para thyriod
cancer- SIGN OF CANCER
too much Vitamin D
medications such as lithuim, thaizide, durietics bc they interact with the para thryiod
prolonged de-mobalization- ca is taken from the bones

Question 7

manisfections of hyper- ca

Answer 7

muscle weakness
hypoactive reflexes
cardiac arrest
DEC NUEROMUSCLUAR EXCITABILTY

Question 8

treatment of hyper ca

Answer 8

excertion of ca via loop durietics

hydration to reduce the stones of ca