ca and circumcision and bladder and CTKUB Flashcards
risk factors for testicular cancer
Infertility - increase risk by factor of 3
klienfelters
FH
mumps orchitis
what does circumcision reduce the risk of
penile cancer
UTI
STI and HIV
indications for circumscion
phismosis
recurrent balanitis
paraphismosis
what do you need to rule out before circumcision
hypospadias
treatment for nocturia - 3 things
advise about moderating fluid intake at night
furosemide 40mg in late afternoon may be considered
desmopressin may also be helpful
overreactive bladder tx
moderating fluid intake
bladder retraining
oxybutynin (immediate release), tolterodine (immediate release), or darifenacin (once daily preparation)
mirabegron may be considered if first-line drugs fail
complciations of radiotherapy for prostate cancer
proctitis
rectal malignancy
prostate cancer referral pathway
Multiparametric MRI has replaced TRUS biopsy as the first-line investigation in suspected prostate cancer
Refer for 2-week wait appointment and advise urgent multiparametric MRI
renal colic investigation of choice
non contrast CT KUB
what drug increases distal tubular ca reabsorption therfore preventing calcium stones forming
thiazides
tamsulosin moa
alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist - vasodilation as a side effect, leading to dizziness and postural hypotension
goserelin moa
Goserelin (Zoladex) is a synthetic GnRH agonist which provides negative feedback to the anterior pituitary
post lump testicle
epidydmal cyst
Communicating hydroceles are common in newborn males (clinically apparent in 5-10%) and usually resolve within the first few months of life in newbrn management
Reassurance, and surgical repair if it does not resolve within 1-2 years
urethral stricutre caused by what
STD
