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GCSE AQA Chemistry > C9.2 & C9.3 Crude Oil and Fuels (Fractional Distillation & Combustion) > Flashcards

C9.2 & C9.3 Crude Oil and Fuels (Fractional Distillation & Combustion) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is flammability

A

How easily a substance burns/combusts.

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2
Q

Boiling point

A

The temperature at which a liquids turn into a gas and the temperature at which the gas condenses back into a liquid.

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3
Q

Volatility

A

How easily a liquid turns into a gas.

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4
Q

Viscosity

A

How easily a substance flows.

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5
Q

Complete combustion

A

When alkanes are burnt in excess (plenty of) oxygen, all carbon and hydrogen will be oxidised to form carbon dioxide and water.

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6
Q

Incomplete combustion

A

When alkanes are burnt in a limited supply of oxygen and the carbon is only partially oxidised to form carbon monoxide and water.

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7
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

Bubble the gas through limewater (aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide) which goes from colourless to cloudy.

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8
Q

What is the test for water?

A

Anhydrous blue cobalt chloride paper goes pink.
Or…
Anhydrous white copper sulfate goes blue.

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9
Q

What is carbon monoxide and how is it produced?

A

Carbon monoxide is a toxic, colourless and odourless gas produced when fossil fuels undergoes incomplete combustion.

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10
Q

What is the name of the simplest alkane?

A

methane

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11
Q

What is the molecular formula of propane?

A

C3H8

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12
Q

What is the molecular formula of butane?

A

C4H10

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13
Q

What is the molecular formula of ethane?

A

C2H6

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14
Q

What is the molecular formula of decane?

A

C10H22

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15
Q

What is the structural formula for pentane?

A

CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

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16
Q

The balanced equation for the complete combustion of methane is…

A

CH4 + 2O2 —> CO2 + 2 H2O

17
Q

The balanced equation for the incomplete combustion of ethane is…

A

2C2H6 + 5 O2 —> 4CO + 6 H2O

18
Q

How does the length of the carbon chain affect the boiling point of the molecule?

A

The longer the carbon chain, the greater the surface area (and point of contact) resulting in greater intermolecular forces and the higher the boiling point.

GCSE AQA Chemistry (6 decks)

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