C9. The Periodic Table

Question 1

What number is the Periodic table’s elements classified in?

Answer 1

Proton number (atomic number).

Question 2

What do we calls rows in the Periodic table?

Answer 2

Periods

Question 3

What do we calls rows in the Periodic table?

Answer 3

Groups

Question 4

What is the relationship between Group number, number of outer-shell (valency) electrons?

Answer 4

The number of outer electrons in the table varies with the Group number.

Question 5

What are the metals in Group I called?

Answer 5

The alkali metals

Question 6

Name the trends in Group 1 of the Periodic table.

Answer 6

• Melting points and boiling points decrease down the group
• Metals get softer down the group
• General increase in density (except for sodium)
• Increasing reactivity

Question 7

What makes the alkali metals different from other metals?

Answer 7

• Low melting points

- Soft / easy to cut through

Question 8

What are the elements in Group VII called?

Answer 8

The halogens

Question 9

What are some properties of the halogens?

Answer 9

• Poisonous non-metals
• Low melting and boiling points
• Diatomic

Question 10

Name the trends in Group VII of the Periodic table.

Answer 10

• Melting and boiling points increase down the group

- The colour gets darker down the group

Question 11

What are ‘halides’?

Answer 11

Salts formed when metals react with halogens.

Question 12

What are the ‘transition elements’?

Answer 12

A block of about 30 elements in the middle of the Periodic table.

Question 13

What are the physical properties of the transition elements?

Answer 13

• High melting and boiling points
• High densities
• Harder and stronger than Group I metals

Question 14

What are the chemical properties of the transition elements?

Answer 14

• Form coloured compounds
• Form complex ions
• Many transition elements and transition element oxides are good catalysts
• Less reactive than metals from other groups

Question 15

What are the characteristics of noble gases?

Answer 15

• Monatomic - exist as single atoms as they don’t need to gain/share electrons to form compounds
• Usually found in the air

Question 16

What are physical properties of noble gases?

Answer 16

• Density increases down the group

Question 17

What are the chemical properties of noble gases?

Answer 17

• Colourless non-metals
• Unreactive
• Electrons in their outer shells cannot be easily removed, added or shared with other atoms to form compounds

Question 18

What are the uses of helium?

Answer 18

Used in weather balloons and airships because it is lighter than air

Question 19

What are the uses of neon?

Answer 19

Used in advertising signs because it glows red when there is a high voltage assing

Question 20

What are the uses of argon?

Answer 20

• An inert atmosphere in the extraction of titanium to stop the metal oxidising as it is extracted.
• Electric light bulbs containing a tungsten filament to prevent the filament burning

Question 21

What are the uses of krypton?

Answer 21

Used in lasers for eye surgery and in bulbs for car headlamps

Question 22

What are the uses of xenon?

Answer 22

Used in lamps where a very bright light is required.