C9: Crude Oils And Fuels Flashcards
What is crude oil
A mixture of many different compounds
Many of the compounds in crude oil are hydrocarbons
What are alkanes
Saturated hydrocarbons
They contain as many hydrogen atoms as possible in their molecules
What is the general formula of an alkane
Cn H(2n+2)
What happens in fractional distillation of oils
Crude oil
Crude oil is separated into fractions using fractional distillation
The properties of each fraction depend on the size of the hydrocarbon molecules within it
Lighter fractions make better fuels as they ignite more easily and burn well with cleaner flames
What happens when hydrocarbon fuels are burned in air
The carbon and hydrogen are completely oxidised and produce carbon dioxide and water
When testing for gasses formed in complete combustion, what colours are formed for carbon dioxide and water
Carbon dioxide = limewater cloudy
Water = blue cobalt chloride or paper pink
Where are they taking the hobbits
TO ISENGARD
What is formed in incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons
Carbon monoxide
How can larger molecules be broken up into smaller molecules when cracking hydrocarbons
Passing vapours over a hot catalyst or by mixing them with steam and heating them to a very high temperature
What does hydrocarbon cracking produce
Saturated hydrocarbons used as fuels and unsaturated hydrocarbons which are called alkenes
What reacts with alkenes to turn it colourless
Orange bromine water
