C9

Question 1

What is crude oil

Answer 1

Crude oil is a finite resource found in rocks from the remains from plankton over millions of years

Question 2

How can you separate crude oil

Answer 2

With fractional distillation

Question 3

Why should you separate crude oil

Answer 3

Because together with all the fractions crude oil isn’t useful because of all the differwnt boiling points

Question 4

Why does fractional distillation work

Answer 4

Because the substances all have different boiling points

Question 5

What is a hydrocarbon

Answer 5

A compound that only contains hydrogen and carbom

Question 6

What are alkanes

Answer 6

A hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds, each carbon is surrounded by Hydrogen atoms

Question 7

What does my elephant prefers bananas stand for

Answer 7

Methane, 1 carbon
Ethane, 2 carbons
Propane, 3 carbons
Butane, 4 carbons

Question 8

What is the general formula of hydrocarbons?

Answer 8

CnH2xn+2 (n = number of carbons)

Question 9

How does fractional distillation work

Answer 9

Lower boiling point substances rise to the top and higher boiling point substances fall

Question 10

Name 2 properties of short chains

Answer 10

Very runny and a lower boiling point

Question 11

Name 2 properties of long chains

Answer 11

Lower volatility and lower flammability

Question 12

What is combustion

Answer 12

Is a chemical reaction that uses hydrocarbons and reacts them with oxygen

Question 13

Where is combustion used?

Answer 13

In cars

Question 14

What is incomplete combustion?

Answer 14

Where there is a limited amount of oxygen in combustion and so creates carbon monoxide

Question 15

What is the difference between combustion and incomplete combustion

Answer 15

Combustion has a plentiful oxygen supply but incomplete combustion has a limited oxygen supply

Question 16

Why can incomplete combustion be lethal

Answer 16

Because the carbon monoxide that is produced is poisonous

Question 17

How can you get positive tests for complete combustion

Answer 17

Blue colbalt chroride should turn pink

Question 18

What is cracking

Answer 18

When large hydrocarbon chains are broken down into smaller chains

Question 19

What is the alkene general equation

Answer 19

Cn H2n (n=number of carbons)

Question 20

How is cracking done

Answer 20

Larger chains are vaporised and passed over a hot catalyst, breaking the chemical bonds

Question 21

What is cracking an example of

Answer 21

A thermal decomposition reaction

Question 22

Name a positive test for the gas produced in cracking alkanes

Answer 22

use orange bromine water and the alkene will turn colourless because they have double bonds

Question 23

What are the differences between alkanes and alkenes

Answer 23

Alkanes are saturated and alkenes are unsaturated

Question 24

Why is cracking so important in oil companies

Answer 24

Because crude oil normally has too many long chains but not enough short chains