C7 (Organic Chemistry) Flashcards
What is crude oil?
Crude oil is a fossil fuel that is found underground in rocks. It was formed over millions of years from the remains of seas creatures, mainly plankton.
What is meant by a finite resource?
A resource that can not be replaced once it has been used. Being used quicker than being replaced.
What is biomass?
A resource made from living or recently living creatures.
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound containing hydrogen and carbon atoms only.
Crude oil is a form of…
Biomass.
What is meant by the displayed formula?
Drawing of a molecule showing all atoms and bonds
What is the homologous series?
A family of compounds with the same general formula the same functional group and similar chemical properties.
What are alkanes?
A homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2.
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What is a structural formula?
When writing a structural formula, you must go to each carbon and write down what is attached to each one. For example, CH3CH2CH3.
What is meant by saturated in organic chemistry?
A molecule that only contains single covalent bonds.
What are the first four alkanes in order of increasing?
Methane, ethane, propane, butane
What is fractional distillation?
A method used to separate miscible liquids with different boiling points.
What is a fraction?
A mixture of molecules with similar boiling points
Describe the process of fractional distillation?
The fraction in column is hot at the bottom and cold at the top. So longer hydrocarbons which have higher boiling points will condense and be drained off near the bottoms. Meanwhile, shorter hydrocarbons with lower boiling points will condense and be drained off further up the column.
