C7: Metals Flashcards
Test for Hydrogen
Squeaky ‘pop’ test
A more reactive metal…
…Will displace a less reactive metal from an aqueous solution of one of its salts.
Ionic Equations
An equation that shows only those ions or atoms that change in a chemical reaction.
Mg + CuSO4 -> MgSO4 + Cu
Mg + Cu2+ -> Mg2+ + Cu
Redox Reactions
The gain and loss of electrons
2 ways of extracting metal from metal ore?
Displacement with carbon
Electrolysis
Pure Metal Atomic Structure
> Organised in closely packed, regularly set out layers.
Contain a sea of free moving, delocalised electrons.
When heated, soft and easily shaped because the layers can easily slip over each other.
Why are alloys harder than the pure metals that they are made of?
Because they usually have controlled amounts of carbon mixed into their structure, which disrupts their regular layout and prevents the layers from sliding over one another.
How are metals held together?
Through stron electrostatic attraction between the free electrons and the positively charged ions.
Shape Memory Alloys
Mixture of metal which responds to changes in temperature.
Properties of copper.
> bendable but strong
> very conductive.
Bronze =
Copper + Tin
Tough and non-corrosive
Brass =
Copper + Zinc
Hard
Aluminium alloys are…
Lightweight but strong, used for aircrafts, armoured tanks etc.
Blast Furnace
The huge reaction vessels used in industry to extract iron from its core.
Components of a blast furnace and their jobs.
> iron ore (haematite) -iron oxide -a compound that contains iron > coke -carbon -burns in air to produce heat, and reacts to form carbon monoxide (needed to reduce the iron oxide) > limestone -calcium carbonate -helps to remove acidic impurities from the iron by reacting with them to form molten slag > air -oxygen -allows the coke to burn, and so produces heat and carbon monoxide
