Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing Pharmacology > C7- Lower GI Medications > Flashcards

C7- Lower GI Medications Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Pharmacology flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards Nursing Adult Health flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Maternity flashcards
1
Q

Adults- criteria for constipation

A

Fewer than three BM per week
Lumpy or hard stools for more than 25% of BM
Straining During more than 25% of BM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Infants and Children- Criteria for Constipation

A

Pebble-like, hard stools for a majority of BM for at least 2 wks
Firm stools 2X/week or less for at least 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Constipation Causes- D.O.P.E.D.

A

D- drugs
O- obstruction
P- pain
E- endocrine
D- depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Constipation contraindications

A

Abdominal pain
Possible appendicitis
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Pregnancy/lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Constipation Contributing factors

A

Insufficient water intake
Fecal impaction
Bowel obstruction
Chronic laxative use
Neurological disorders
Ignoring the urge to defecate
Lack of exercise
Some drugs
anticholinergics
narcotics
certain antacids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Indications for Laxatives

A

Painful elimination
Cardiovascular disease
Elderly with weakened abdominal or perineal muscles
Correcting constipation from opioid use or prolonged bedrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are laxatives classified?

A

By response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Group 1 laxatives

A

Produce watery stools (osmotic)
Magnesium salts
Sodium salts
Castor oil
Polyethylene glycol
electrolyte solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Group 1 Laxative response time

A

2-6 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Laxatives- Group 2

A

Produce Semi-fluid stool
osmotic in low doses
Magnesium salts
Sodium salt
Polyethylene glycol
Stimulant laxatives
bisacodyl
Senna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Group 2 laxative response time

A

6-12 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Laxatives- Group 3

A

Bulk forming laxatives
methyl cellulose
psyllium
polycarbophil
Surfactant Laxatives
Docusate sodium
Docusate Calcium
Others
lactulose
lubiprostone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Group 3 laxatives response

A

1-3 Days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bulk forming laxatives - Generic Name

A

Psyllium (powder in water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bulk forming laxatives action

A

Similar to dietary fiber (swell in water)
Increase intestinal volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bulk forming laxatives- Indications

A

Preferred agent for temporary relief
works within 12-72 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bulk forming laxatives- administration

A

Should be accompanied by a full glass of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bulk forming laxatives- Side effects

A

Esophageal obstruction
Intestinal obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Do not give laxatives with this condition

A

Undiagnosed abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Emollient laxatives:

A

Docusate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Emollient laxatives- Action

A

Allow water and fat to penetrate into stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Emollient laxatives- Administration

A

Should be accompanied by a glass of water

HOLD MEDICATION FOR LOOSE STOOLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Emollient laxatives- results show signs of improvement (how long)

A

12-72 hours

24
Q

Osmotic Laxatives-

A

Polyethylene glycol
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of mag)

25
Q

Osmotic Laxatives- action

A

Osmotic action draws water into the intestinal lumen

26
Q

Osmotic Laxatives- adverse effects

A

Fluid loss
Mg++ accumulation
Na+/Fluid retention

27
Q

Osmotic Laxatives- in a large volume

A

GoLytely
for colonoscopies

28
Q

Stimulant laxatives:

A

Bisacodyl
Senna

29
Q

Stimulant laxatives- RISK?

A

Frequently abused laxative

30
Q

Stimulant laxatives- Action

A

Stimulate nerves to increase intestinal motility

31
Q

Stimulant laxatives- Uses

A

Opioid induced constipation
Slow intestinal transit

32
Q

Stimulant laxatives- nursing teaching

A

May discolor urine

33
Q

Laxative abuse causes:

A

Belief that daily and bountiful BM is a requisite of good health

34
Q

Laxative abuse consequences:

A

Diminished Defecator reflexes
reliance on laxatives
electrolyte imbalances
Dehydration
colitis

35
Q

Laxative abuse treatment:

A

Cessation of laxative use
educate on normal bowel function
fix with diet

36
Q

Diarrhea

A

3+ loose/liquid stools per day

37
Q

Diarrhea Cautions

A

Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
monitor I/O

38
Q

Diarrhea Management

A

Diagnose and treat underlying condition
Replacement fluids/electrolytes
Relief of cramping
Reducing passage of unformed stools

39
Q

Antidiarrheal Medications (Adsorbents):

A

Bismuth Salicylate
(Pepto-Bismol)

40
Q

Antidiarrheal Medications (Antimotility agents)

A

Loperamide

Opiates and opiate-related agents

41
Q

Antidiarrheal Antimotility agents: (action)

A

Slow peristalsis

42
Q

Antidiarrheal combinations:

A

Diphenoxylate with atropine
narcotic and anticholinergic drug
reduces GI motility

43
Q

Probiotics:

A

Restore normal flora

44
Q

Adsorbents Action

A

Coats walls of GI tract and binds to causative bacteria or toxin (trouble maker)

Decreases flow of fluids

Reduces inflammation of intestine

45
Q

Adsorbents- Cautions

A

Allergy to aspirin
Children
contains aspirin
Anticoagulant use
DO NOT USE

46
Q

Adsorbents- Side effects

A

Black/dark tongue
Dark stools
Bleeding
Tinnitus

47
Q

Antimotility agents- Anticholinergic

A

Diphenoxylate with atropine (lomotil)

48
Q

Antimotility agents- Contraindications (when you should not take)

A

Glaucoma
Paralytic ileus

49
Q

Antimotility agents: Side effects

A

(Anticholinergic)
dry mouth
urinary retention
drowsiness

50
Q

Antimotility agents: Opioid like

A

Loperamide (Imodium)

51
Q

Antimotility agents: loperamide (Contraindication)

A

Not for children <2yo

52
Q

Antimotility agents: Loperamide (precaution)

A

Use as directed
higher doses cause lethal heart rhythms

53
Q

Antimotility agents: Loperamide (side effects)

A

CNS depression

54
Q

Diarrhea Nursing implications- Assessment

A

Monitor for therapeutic effect
assessment
patient condition b4 therapy and regularly after
fluid and electrolyte balance
hydration status
stool frequency and consistency

55
Q

Diarrhea Nursing Implications- Planning (outcomes)

A

Patient will have regular formed BM
Adequate fluid balance will be maintained

56
Q

Diarrhea Nursing implications (Implementation)

A

Correct fluid and electrolyte disturbances before starting the drug

Nursing Pharmacology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions