C7 Flashcards
Hydrocarbon
Any compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Alkanes
Simple type of hydrocarbon.Have C-C single bond. Saturated compounds from the homologous series
Alkanes formula
C(n)H(2n+2)
Alkanes list
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
Pentane
Hexane
Heptane
Octane
Complete combustion equation
Hydrocarbon+Oxygen>carbon dioxide+water
Hydrocarbon properties
Shorter length-more runny, more volatile, more flammable, lower boiling points
Uses of hydrocarbons
Petrol
diesel
heavy fuel oil
Fractional distillation
The process of separating different sized hydrocarbons from crude oil.
Crude oil
A fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals, mainly plankton, that died millions of years
ago and we’re buried in mud at the bottom of the ocean
Bitumen
Extremely long chained hydrocarbon used in road tarmac
Uses of crude oil
Fuels for most forms of transport
Cracking
The splitting up of long chain hydrocarbons into shorter chains
Alkenes
Unsaturated hydrocarbons with a carbon double bond
Formula for alkenes
C(n)H(2n)
Alkenes list
Ethene
Propene
butene
pentene
Alkenes equation
Alkene+oxygen=carbon+carbon dioxide+carbon monoxide+water
Alkene+oxygen equation
Alkene+oxygen>carbon+carbon monoxide+carbon dioxide+water
Hydro generation
Reaction of a alkene and a hydrogen
Alkene+steam
forms of alcohol
Alcohols
-OH functional group
Names end in ol
Uses of alcohols
solvents and fuels
Carboxylic acids
COOH functional group
reacts with carbonates to form a salt, water and carbon dioxide
Esters equation
Alcohol+carboxylic acid>ester+water
Esters
COO-FUNCTIONAL GROUP
Acid catalyst needed in the reaction to form them
