C5.3

Question 1

Copper sulfate reaction

Answer 1

Forward reaction : CuSO4.5H2O -> CuSO4 + 5H2O
Backward reaction : CuSO4 + 5H2O -> CuSO4.5H2O
Hydrated copper sulfate - >< anhydrous copper sulfate + water

Question 2

Exo or endo?

Answer 2

If the forward reaction is endo, the backwards reaction will always be exo or vice versa (given in the question)

Question 3

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 3

Closed system : Forward and backward reaction still going on but the rates of reaction remain equal and the concentrations of all the rescuing substances remain constant

Question 4

Equilibrium position without any change

Answer 4

On the left when the concentration of reactants > concentration of products
On the right when the concentration of the reactants < concentration of the products

Question 5

What happens to equilibrium position if pressure is increased?

Answer 5

If the pressure is increased - moves in the direction of the fewer moles of GAS

Question 6

What happens to equilibrium position if you change the concentration?

Answer 6

Equilibrium position moves in opposite direction (AWAY FROM) that substance

Question 7

Effect of equilibrium position if increased temperature

Answer 7

MOVES IN DIRECTION OF ENDOTHERMIC CHANGE (forward energy change is given)

Question 8

Compromise for pressure

Answer 8

Very high pressure for high equilibrium yield vs expensive equipment to compress gases and a lot of energy required (high enough to achieve a reasonable equilibrium yield but not so high as to be expensive or hazardous)

Question 9

Temperature compromise

Answer 9

For methanol (decrease temperature) BUT need to take into account a slow rate of reaction (too low to be profitable)